ArticleScientific reports2016
Risk buffering and resource access shape valuation of out-group strangers.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The social learning and development of intra- and inter-ethnic sharing norms in the Congo Basin.PloS one · 2026Article
- Pros and cons of sociality across ecological niches: a swarm robotics approach.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Traditionalism mediates social learning: Biases in acceptance of novel health interventions among Himba pastoralists.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2026Article
- Why cultural distance can promote - or impede - group-beneficial outcomes.Evolutionary human sciences · 2024Article
- Intergroup Cooperation in Shotgun Hunting Among BaYaka Foragers and Yambe Farmers from the Republic of the Congo.Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Distinguishing Intergroup and Long-Distance Relationships.Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.) · 2022Review
- Social ties in the Congo Basin: insights into tropical forest adaptation from BaYaka and their neighbours.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- The social learning and development of intra- and inter-ethnic sharing norms in the Congo Basin: A registered report protocol.PloS one · 2022Article
- Networks of reliable reputations and cooperation: a review.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
- The Role of Language in Structuring Social Networks Following Market Integration in a Yucatec Maya Population.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Preferences and constraints: the value of economic games for studying human behaviour.Royal Society open science · 2020Article
- Stability and Change in In-Group Mate Preferences among Young People in Ethiopia Are Predicted by Food Security and Gender Attitudes, but Not by Expected Pathogen Exposures.Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.) · 2017Article
- The Tsimane Health and Life History Project: Integrating anthropology and biomedicine.Evolutionary anthropology · 2017Article
- Inter-group cooperation in humans and other animals.Biology letters · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Unlike other primates, humans exhibit extensive inter-group tolerance and frequently build relationships with out-group members. Despite its common occurrence, little is known about the conditions leading to out-group relationship building in humans. What are the social and ecological factors promoting valuation of out-group members as potential social partners? Do they differ from those promoting valuation of in-group members? We propose that opportunities for non-local resource access and resource buffering, crucial in the human foraging niche, will increase valuation of out-group strangers. Using survey and experimental data collected among three Bolivian horticultural populations, we find that individuals with fewer non-locally available resources and more information about out-groups demonstrate more generosity toward out-group strangers, but not in-group strangers. The effects are specific to subjective resource access, not objective measures of access, and out-group exposure, not stereotypes. Further, depending on the measure, existing network connections affect both out-group and in-group giving, suggesting that new partnerships from both in-groups and out-groups may bolster one's networks. Our results illustrate how evolved human psychology is sensitive to the costs and benefits of both out-group and in-group relationships, but underscore that the social and ecological factors favoring new relationships with in-group versus out-group strangers may differ.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.