Observational studyJournal of endocrinological investigation2016
The phenotype of newly diagnosed Graves' disease in Italy in recent years is milder than in the past: results of a large observational longitudinal study.
Observational study in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- The EANM guideline on radioiodine therapy of benign thyroid disease.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2023Guideline
- Change in newly diagnosed Graves' disease phenotype between the twentieth and the twenty-first centuries: meta-analysis and meta-regression.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Pooled it
- Novel triple-drug regimen for preoperative optimization in giant Graves' disease: a prospective efficacy and safety trial.Gland surgery · 2026Article
- Pediatric Graves' orbitopathy: TRAb and FT-3 are also prognostic factors in children-A tertiary center study.Thyroid research · 2026Article
- Thyroid eye disease in the context of autoimmune polyglandular syndromes: comparative clinical insights from a retrospective study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Letter to the Editor: "Efficacy of single‑session radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in rendering euthyroidism for persistent/relapsed Graves' disease, a pilot study".European radiology · 2025Article
- Article
- The need for the GREAT+ score to predict relapse in Graves' disease: a questionnaire among patients and internal medicine specialists.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Article
- Temporal trends in the clinical presentation of Graves' orbitopathy: a single-center retrospective study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Article
- Fifteen Years of Iodine Prophylaxis in Italy: Results of a Nationwide Surveillance (Period 2015-2019).The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Hyperthyroidism incidence in a large population-based study in northeastern Italy.Endocrine connections · 2023Article
- Review
- Circular RNA profile in Graves' disease and potential function of hsa_circ_0090364.Endocrine connections · 2022Article
- The Prediction Model Using Thyroid-stimulating Immunoglobulin Bioassay For Relapse of Graves' Disease.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Article
- Characteristics of Graves' disease in children and adolescents in Nanjing: A retrospective investigation study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Serum thyroglobulin is associated with orbitopathy in Graves' disease.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Article
- The change in the clinical presentation of Graves' disease: a 30 years retrospective survey in an academic Brazilian tertiary center.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Dominus effect: challenging complications of alemtuzumab-related thyroid autoimmunity.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2020Article
- Microarray profiling and functional analysis of differentially expressed plasma exosomal circular RNAs in Graves' disease.Biological research · 2020Article
- Incidence and prevalence of hyperthyroidism: a population-based study in the Piedmont Region, Italy.Endocrine · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe Merseburg triad (hyperthyroidism, goiter, and orbitopathy) characterizes classical description of Graves' disease (GD). Aim of this observational, longitudinal study was to evaluate the current clinical features of newly diagnosed GD in Italy. MATERIALS AND
methodsIn two Northern Italy centers (Varese and Pavia), 283 consecutive patients (211 women, 72 men; mean age 47.4 years) with newly diagnosed GD were recruited in the years 2010-2014. Diagnosis was based on established criteria, and thyroid volume was assessed by ultrasonography. A clinical severity score (CSS) to assess the overall disease severity was developed by grading each component of the Merseburg triad.
resultsAt diagnosis, 45 % of patients had no goiter, and 30 % had a small goiter. The proportion of goitrous patients was much lower than in two Italian studies performed 20-30 years ago. Hyperthyroidism was subclinical in 16 % and mild in 29 % of patients, and Graves' orbitopathy was present in 20 %, usually mild, and active in only 2.5 % of patients. Using the CSS, less than half (44 %) of the patients had severe GD, while 22 % had mild and 34 % moderate disease. CSS was associated with a significantly higher risk of poorly controlled hyperthyroidism at 6 months.
conclusionsIn Italy, a relevant proportion of Graves' patients at diagnosis have mild to moderate GD; about half of them have no goiter, slightly less than one-fifth have subclinical hyperthyroidism, and only 20 % have GO. Thus, the clinical phenotype of GD is milder than in the past, possibly due to both earlier diagnosis and treatment, and improved iodine nutrition.
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