ArticleOncotarget2016
Procoagulant and immunogenic properties of melanoma exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic vesicles.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles impede hepatocarcinoma progression by disrupting mitochondrial metabolism.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Microfluidic Platforms for Modeling Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Current Status and Future Directions.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2026Review
- Exosomes-mediated intercellular communication and their theragnostic potential against cancer and related disorders: a comprehensive review.Biotechnology letters · 2026Review
- Apoptotic extracellular vesicles act as master regulators of the bone healing niche.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Small and Large Extracellular Vesicles in Circulation of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients Originate From Different Cell Types of the Tumor Microenvironment.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Margin of Error: The Emerging Role of Field Cancerization in Predicting Recurrence Risk of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Apoptotic vesicles in cancer: research progress in physiology and therapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Apoptotic extracellular vesicles: unveiling mechanisms, diverse functions, and biomedical implications.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Exosome-based strategies and immunotherapy for skin cancer: mechanisms, challenges, and future directions.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Unraveling Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cardiovascular Toxicities: Pathway Insights, Mechanisms, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- From signal to significance: characterizing anthracycline-related hypercoagulable adverse events via pharmacovigilance, animal models, and clinical observation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Tissue factor and regenerative medicine: shaping cell and extracellular vesicle-based therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Exploring Exosome-Based Approaches for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- The formation of the 'footprint of death' as a mechanism for generating large substrate-bound extracellular vesicles that mark the site of cell death.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles in cancer immunotherapy: Therapeutic, challenges and clinical progress.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- Apoptotic cells promote circulating tumor cell survival and metastasis.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Recent Progress in Developing Extracellular Vesicles as Nanovehicles to Deliver Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics and Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles: innovative cell-free solutions for wound repair.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- ApoBDs: a paradigm shift from cellular debris to therapeutic vehicles.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- The interplay between the tumor microenvironment and tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles in cancer development and therapeutic response.Cancer biology & therapy · 2024Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are lipid particles released from eukaryotic cells into the extracellular fluid. Depending on the cell type or mechanism of release, vesicles vary in form and function and exert distinct functions in coagulation and immunity. Tumor cells may constitutively shed vesicles known as exosomes or microvesicles (MV). Alternatively, apoptosis induces the release of apoptotic blebs or vesicles (ApoV) from the plasma membrane. EV have been implicated in thrombotic events (the second highest cause of death in cancer patients) and tumor vesicles contribute to the anti-cancer immune response. In this study, we utilized the well characterized B16 melanoma model to determine the molecular composition and procoagulant and immunogenic potential of exosomes, MV and ApoV. Distinct patterns of surface and cytoplasmic molecules (tetraspanins, integrins, heat shock proteins and histones) were expressed between the vesicle types. Moreover, in vitro coagulation assays revealed that membrane-derived vesicles, namely MV and ApoV, were more procoagulant than exosomes-with tissue factor and phosphatidylserine critical for procoagulant activity. Mice immunized with antigen-pulsed ApoV and challenged with B16 tumors were protected out to 60 days, while lower protection rates were afforded by MV and exosomes. Together the results demonstrate distinct phenotypic and functional differences between vesicle types, with important procoagulant and immunogenic functions emerging for membrane-derived MV and ApoV versus endosome-derived exosomes. This study highlights the potential of EV to contribute to the prothrombotic state, as well as to anti-cancer immunity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.