Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27462156›Full record

ArticleNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2016

Age at diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders: is there an association with socioeconomic status and family self-education about autism?

Michal Hrdlicka, Maria Vacova, Hana Oslejskova, Veronika Gondzova, Iveta Vadlejchova, Jana Kocourkova, Jiri Koutek, Iva Dudova

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Parent concerns prior to an assessment of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. School participation of autistic youths: The influence of youth, family and school factors.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Autism Spectrum Disorders in Calabar, Nigeria.Iranian journal of child neurology · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Parental relationship status and age at autism spectrum disorder diagnosis of their child.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2021
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Pathways to a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in Germany: a survey of parents.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2019
    Article
  17. [Age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in children and factors influencing the age of diagnosis].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2018
    Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Michal HrdlickaDepartment of Child Psychiatry, Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague.
Maria VacovaDepartment of Child Psychiatry, Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague.
Hana OslejskovaDepartment of Child Neurology, Masaryk University Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Brno.
Veronika GondzovaDepartment of Child Neurology, Masaryk University Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Brno.
Iveta VadlejchovaChild Psychiatry Clinic, Chomutov, Czech Republic.
Jana KocourkovaDepartment of Child Psychiatry, Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague.
Jiri KoutekDepartment of Child Psychiatry, Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague.
Iva DudovaDepartment of Child Psychiatry, Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague.
Masaryk University · CZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe marked increase in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) prevalence has stimulated worldwide interest in exploring broader circumstances of care of autistic children, including the role of socioeconomic status (SES) and family information on autism.

methodsOur sample comprised of 160 children who participated in a diagnostic examination focused on autism, and their parents who completed a simple descriptive questionnaire focusing on the family situation as well as family self-education about autism. The diagnosis of ASD was confirmed in 120 children (75% of the sample; 94 boys, 26 girls) with mean age 6.2±2.7 years (median 5.3, range 2.2-17.2 years). In 71 autistic patients (59.2%), a diagnosis of mental retardation was also established.

resultsThe age at diagnosis of ASD correlated negatively with maternal (P=0.014) and paternal (P=0.002) ages at the time of birth of the ASD child as well as with paternal (P=0.002) and maternal (P=0.050) education. The age at diagnosis of ASD did not correlate with family SES. Mothers were significantly more active in seeking information on autism than fathers or both parents equally (80 vs 9 vs 28 cases, respectively; P<0.001). The mean number of information sources on autism was 3.5±1.8 with a range 0-9. The mean number of resources did not differ among the three SES groups (3.50 vs 3.49 vs 4.25, respectively; P=0.704). The mean number of sources did not correlate with the age at diagnosis of ASD. The most often used sources were the Internet (81.7%), followed by psychologists (48.3%), books (46.7%), and child and adolescent psychiatrists (43.3%).

conclusionAn earlier diagnosis of ASD is associated with higher parental age at birth and higher parental education but not with family SES or number of family information sources.

Indexed as

autism spectrum disordersearly diagnosisparental educationparental informationsocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID27462156
PMCPMC4940008
OpenAlexW2466163305

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.