ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2016
Reasons for using flavored liquids among electronic cigarette users: A concept mapping study.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- An E-Liquid Flavor Wheel: A Shared Vocabulary Based on Systematically Reviewing E-Liquid Flavor Classifications in Literature.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Pooled it
- A systematic review of consumer preference for e-cigarette attributes: Flavor, nicotine strength, and type.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- Adverse symptoms attributed to e-cigarettes over 6 months among participants of a randomized controlled trial testing nicotine free-base e-cigarettes for smoking cessation: secondary analysis of the ESTxENDS trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Trial
- The effects of inhaled flavors on intravenous nicotine.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- Effect of e-cigarette flavors on nicotine delivery and puffing topography: results from a randomized clinical trial of daily smokers.Psychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Identifying Salient Beliefs Underlying Young Adults' Flavored E-Cigarette Use to Inform Campaign Development: Results from an Elicitation Survey.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- National Wastewater Surveillance of Illicit Tobacco and Vaping Use Trends in Australia.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Nicotine Dependence and Its Impact on Poly-Tobacco Use Among US Adults.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Electronic cigarette use linked to poor sleep quality: a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study in Korea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Article
- Perceptions of and responses of young adults who use e-cigarettes to flavour bans in China: a qualitative study.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Disposable e-cigarettes and their nicotine delivery, usage pattern, and subjective effects in occasionally smoking adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Examining the flavor descriptors of e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches in the Philippines: Regulatory challenges and opportunities.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Impact of vanilla flavor on nicotine taste, choice, intake, and seeking behaviors.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Assessment of human abuse potential of an unflavored, sucralose-sweetened electronic cigarette in combustible cigarette smokers.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Appeal of e-cigarette flavors: Differences between never and ever use of combustible cigarettes.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- E-cigarette and tobacco product use among NYS youth before and after a state-wide vaping flavour restriction policy, 2020-2021.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- Risk and safety profile of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS): an umbrella review to inform ENDS health communication strategies.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- Association of device type, flavours and vaping behaviour with tobacco product transitions among adult electronic cigarette users in the USA.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- Vaping-Associated Lung Injury: A Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy among patients with COPD: protocol for an open-label two arm randomized controlled pilot trial.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundElectronic cigarettes (ECIGs) aerosolize liquids often containing flavorants for inhalation. Few studies have examined the role of flavors in ECIG use. This study's purpose was to examine reasons for flavored ECIG use using a mixed-method approach, concept mapping (CM).
methodsForty-six past 30-day adult ECIG users recruited from vape forums/conferences completed three online CM tasks. Participants brainstormed responses to a prompt: "A specific reason I use flavored e-liquid in my electronic cigarette product is…". The final 107 brainstormed statements were sorted by participants into groups of similar content. Participants rated each statement on a 7-point scale (1-Definitely NOT a reason to 7-Definitely a reason) based on a prompt: "This is a specific reason why I used flavored e-liquid in my electronic cigarette product in the past month." A cluster map was generated from participants' sorting and ratings using CM statistical software. Cluster mean ratings were compared.
resultsAnalysis revealed five clusters of reasons for flavored ECIG use including Increased Satisfaction/Enjoyment, Better Feel/Taste than Cigarettes, Variety/Customization, Food Craving Suppression, and Social Impacts. Statements in the Increased Satisfaction/Enjoyment and Better Feel/Taste than Cigarettes clusters were rated significantly higher than statements from other clusters (ps<0.05). Some statements indicated flavors were perceived as masking agents for nicotine or other bad tastes associated with cigarette smoking making ECIG use more palatable.
conclusionsFlavored ECIGs are used for many reasons. Some statements suggested flavors may increase the rewarding and possible addictive effects of ECIGs. These results support continued examination of the role of flavors and ECIG use behaviors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.