Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27460618›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2016

Enhancing Cognitive Training Through Aerobic Exercise After a First Schizophrenia Episode: Theoretical Conception and Pilot Study.

Keith H Nuechterlein, Joseph Ventura, Sarah C McEwen, Denise Gretchen-Doorly, Sophia Vinogradov, Kenneth L Subotnik

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Enhancement of aerobic fitness improves social functioning in individuals with schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2021
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  18. The Relationship Between Well-Being and MountainTherapy in Practitioners of Mental Health Departments.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  19. Review
  20. International perspective on social cognition in schizophrenia: current stage and the next steps.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Keith H NuechterleinDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; keithn@ucla.edu.
Joseph VenturaDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA;
Sarah C McEwenDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA;
Denise Gretchen-DoorlyDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA;
Sophia VinogradovDepartment of Psychiatry, UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Kenneth L SubotnikDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA;

Funding

STRESS AND EMOTIONAL REACTIVITYP50MH066286 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI CANNON, TYRONE D · 2003 to 2014
$18.6M
Enhancing Cognitive Training Through Exercise Following a First Schizophrenia EpisodeR01MH110544 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI NUECHTERLEIN, KEITH H · 2016 to 2022
$7.3M
DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES IN SCHIZOPHRENIC DISORDERSR01MH037705 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI NUECHTERLEIN, KEITH H · 1985 to 2010
$5.1M
Biological Mechanisms of Enhanced Neuroplasticity in First-Episode SchizophreniaK01MH099431 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI MCEWEN, SARAH CHRISTINE · 2012 to 2016
$829k
Enhancing Cognitive Training through Exercise after a First Schizophrenia EpisodeR34MH102529 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI NUECHTERLEIN, KEITH H · 2014 to 2015
$781k
NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH099431NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH066286NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH037705NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH110544NIMH NIH HHS R34 MH102529
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cognitive training (CT) and aerobic exercise have separately shown promise for improving cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Aerobic exercise releases brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which promotes synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. Thus, aerobic exercise provides a neurotrophic platform for neuroplasticity-based CT. The combination of aerobic exercise and CT may yield more robust effects than CT alone, particularly in the initial course of schizophrenia. In a pilot study, 7 patients with a recent onset of schizophrenia were assigned to Cognitive Training & Exercise (CT&E) and 9 to CT alone for a 10-week period. Posit Science programs were used for CT. Neurocognitive training focused on tuning neural circuits related to perceptual processing and verbal learning and memory. Social cognitive training used the same learning principles with social and affective stimuli. Both groups participated in these training sessions 2d/wk, 2h/d. The CT&E group also participated in an aerobic conditioning program for 30 minutes at our clinic 2d/wk and at home 2d/wk. The effect size for improvement in the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery Overall Composite score for CT&E patients relative to CT patients was large. Functional outcome, particularly independent living skills, also tended to improve more in the CT&E than in the CT group. Muscular endurance, cardiovascular fitness, and diastolic blood pressure also showed relative improvement in the CT&E compared to the CT group. These encouraging pilot study findings support the promise of combining CT and aerobic exercise to improve the early course of schizophrenia.

Indexed as

Outcome Assessment, Health CareAdolescentAdultCognitive DysfunctionCognitive RemediationCombined Modality TherapyExercise TherapyFemaleHumansMalePilot ProjectsSchizophreniaYoung Adultcognitive remediationfunctional outcomephysical exerciserecent-onset schizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID27460618
PMCPMC4960434

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.