ArticleBreast (Edinburgh, Scotland)2016
Precision assessment of heterogeneity of lymphedema phenotype, genotypes and risk prediction.
Article in Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prediction models for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a systematic review and critical appraisal.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Complementary low-level laser therapy for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a pilot, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.Lasers in medical science · 2020Trial
- The Effects of Kinect-Enhanced Lymphatic Exercise Intervention on Lymphatic Pain, Swelling, and Lymph Fluid Level.Integrative cancer therapiesTrial
- Artificial intelligence in breast surgery: Current applications, challenges, and future perspectives.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Review
- Understanding the Lymphatic System: Tissue-on-Chip Modeling.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2025Review
- Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema in Valle del Cauca, Colombia: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Characterization.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Unilateral lower extremity lymphedema followed by COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cervical cancer history: two case reports.Journal of Yeungnam medical science · 2025Article
- Arm symptom pattern among breast cancer survivors with and without lymphedema: a contemporaneous network analysis.The oncologist · 2024Article
- Contemporaneous Symptom Networks of Breast Cancer-Related Upper Limb Lymphedema: A Network Analysis.Annals of surgical oncology · 2024Article
- Lymphatic pain in breast cancer survivors: An overview of the current evidence and recommendations.Women and children nursing · 2024Article
- Characterization of Immune Cell Infiltration and Collagen Type III Disorganization in Human Secondary Lymphedema: A Case-control Study.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Use of artificial intelligence in breast surgery: a narrative review.Gland surgery · 2024Review
- Recent Advances in Therapeutic Modalities Against Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: Future Epigenetic Landscape.Lymphatic research and biology · 2023Review
- Evaluating telehealth for the education and monitoring of lymphoedema and shoulder dysfunction after breast cancer surgery.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- Lymphatic Pain in Breast Cancer Survivors.Lymphatic research and biology · 2022Article
- Secondary lymphedema from cancer therapy.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2022Review
- Article
- SMAD4 rs10502913 is Significantly Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2022Article
- Strategies in activating lymphatic system to promote lymph flow on lymphedema symptoms in breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lymphedema following breast cancer surgery is considered to be mainly due to the mechanical injury from surgery. Recent research identified that inflammation-infection and obesity may be the important predictors for lymphedema. The purpose of this exploratory research was to prospectively examine phenotype of arm lymphedema defined by limb volume and lymphedema symptoms in relation to inflammatory genes in women treated for breast cancer. A prospective, descriptive and repeated-measure design using candidate gene association method was used to enroll 140 women at pre-surgery and followed at 4-8 weeks and 12 months post-surgery. Arm lymphedema was determined by a perometer measurement of ≥5% limb volume increase from baseline of pre-surgery. Lymphedema symptom phenotype was evaluated using a reliable and valid instrument. Saliva samples were collected for DNA extraction. Genes known for inflammation were evaluated, including lymphatic specific growth factors (VEGF-C & VEGF-D), cytokines (IL1-a, IL-4, IL6, IL8, IL10, & IL13), and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a). No significant associations were found between arm lymphedema phenotype and any inflammatory genetic variations. IL1-a rs17561 was marginally associated with symptom count phenotype of ≥8 symptoms. IL-4 rs2070874 was significantly associated with phenotype of impaired limb mobility and fluid accumulation. Phenotype of fluid accumulation was significantly associated with IL6 rs1800795, IL4 rs2243250 and IL4 rs2070874. Phenotype of discomfort was significantly associated with VEGF-C rs3775203 and IL13 rs1800925. Precision assessment of heterogeneity of lymphedema phenotype and understanding the biological mechanism of each phenotype through the exploration of inherited genetic susceptibility is essential for finding a cure. Further exploration of investigative intervention in the context of genotype and gene expressions would advance our understanding of heterogeneity of lymphedema phenotype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.