Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27458946›Full record

ArticleJAMA2016

Temporal Trends in Late Preterm and Early Term Birth Rates in 6 High-Income Countries in North America and Europe and Association With Clinician-Initiated Obstetric Interventions.

Jennifer L Richards, Michael S Kramer, Paromita Deb-Rinker, Jocelyn Rouleau, Laust Mortensen, Mika Gissler, Nils-Halvdan Morken, Rolv Skjærven, Sven Cnattingius, Stefan Johansson and 6 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JAMA, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 51 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
12.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Timing of Term Births and Associated Mortality Risks: Ecological Analysis Across 28 European Countries.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 13 institutions in 8 countries.

Jennifer L RichardsDepartment of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Michael S KramerDepartments of Pediatrics and of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Paromita Deb-RinkerCentre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Jocelyn RouleauCentre for Chronic Disease Prevention, Surveillance and Epidemiology Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Laust MortensenSection of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, and Methods and Analysis, Statistics, Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Mika GisslerInformation Services Department, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Nils-Halvdan MorkenDepartments of Global Public Health and Primary Care and Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway7Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Rolv SkjærvenDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway.
Sven CnattingiusClinical Epidemiology Unit, T2, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stefan JohanssonClinical Epidemiology Unit, T2, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Marie DelnordINSERM UMR 1153, Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
Siobhan M DolanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
Naho MorisakiDepartment of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Suzanne ToughDepartments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Jennifer ZeitlinINSERM UMR 1153, Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
Michael R KramerDepartment of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Emory University · USPublic Health Agency of Canada · CASorbonne Paris Cité · FRAlbert Einstein College of Medicine · USFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FIHaukeland University Hospital · NOKarolinska Institutet · SEKarolinska University Hospital · SEMcGill University · CANational Center For Child Health and Development · JPUniversity of Bergen · NOUniversity of Calgary · CAUniversity of Copenhagen · DK

Funding

Training in Reproductive, Perinatal, Pediatric EpidemiologyT32HD052460 · NICHD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI DREWS-BOTSCH, CAROLYN DAWSON · 2006 to 2015
$2.2M
Geography of opportunity: Neighborhood dynamics and child cognitive developmentK01HD074726 · NICHD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI KRAMER, MICHAEL ROOT · 2013 to 2017
$596k
NICHD NIH HHS K01 HD074726NICHD NIH HHS K01HD074726NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD052460NICHD NIH HHS T32HD052460
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

importanceClinicians have been urged to delay the use of obstetric interventions (eg, labor induction, cesarean delivery) until 39 weeks or later in the absence of maternal or fetal indications for intervention.

objectiveTo describe recent trends in late preterm and early term birth rates in 6 high-income countries and assess association with use of clinician-initiated obstetric interventions.

designRetrospective analysis of singleton live births from 2006 to the latest available year (ranging from 2010 to 2015) in Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the United States. EXPOSURES: Use of clinician-initiated obstetric intervention (either labor induction or prelabor cesarean delivery) during delivery. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Annual country-specific late preterm (34-36 weeks) and early term (37-38 weeks) birth rates.

resultsThe study population included 2,415,432 Canadian births in 2006-2014 (4.8% late preterm; 25.3% early term); 305,947 Danish births in 2006-2010 (3.6% late preterm; 18.8% early term); 571,937 Finnish births in 2006-2015 (3.3% late preterm; 16.8% early term); 468,954 Norwegian births in 2006-2013 (3.8% late preterm; 17.2% early term); 737,754 Swedish births in 2006-2012 (3.6% late preterm; 18.7% early term); and 25,788,558 US births in 2006-2014 (6.0% late preterm; 26.9% early term). Late preterm birth rates decreased in Norway (3.9% to 3.5%) and the United States (6.8% to 5.7%). Early term birth rates decreased in Norway (17.6% to 16.8%), Sweden (19.4% to 18.5%), and the United States (30.2% to 24.4%). In the United States, early term birth rates decreased from 33.0% in 2006 to 21.1% in 2014 among births with clinician-initiated obstetric intervention, and from 29.7% in 2006 to 27.1% in 2014 among births without clinician-initiated obstetric intervention. Rates of clinician-initiated obstetric intervention increased among late preterm births in Canada (28.0% to 37.9%), Denmark (22.2% to 25.0%), and Finland (25.1% to 38.5%), and among early term births in Denmark (38.4% to 43.8%) and Finland (29.8% to 40.1%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Between 2006 and 2014, late preterm and early term birth rates decreased in the United States, and an association was observed between early term birth rates and decreasing clinician-initiated obstetric interventions. Late preterm births also decreased in Norway, and early term births decreased in Norway and Sweden. Clinician-initiated obstetric interventions increased in some countries but no association was found with rates of late preterm or early term birth.

Indexed as

Term BirthCanadaCesarean SectionDenmarkDeveloping CountriesFemaleFinlandGestational AgeHumansLabor, InducedMaternal AgeNorwayObstetric Labor, PrematureObstetricsPregnancyRetrospective Studies

Identifiers

PMID27458946
PMCPMC5318207
OpenAlexW2506078987

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.