ArticleTransplantation direct2016
Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections in a Multicenter Retrospective Cohort of Liver Transplant Recipients.
Article in Transplantation direct, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors of bloodstream infections in recipients after liver transplantation: a meta-analysis.Infection · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Clinical Outcomes of Bloodstream Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Ten-Year Single-Center Retrospective Analysis, from Türkiye.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- High Mortality and Antimicrobial Resistance: Challenges of Bloodstream Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients.Le infezioni in medicina · 2025Article
- Incidence, causative organisms, and risk factors of bloodstream infections in pediatric liver transplant patients: a systematic review.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2024Article
- Bloodstream infections after solid organ transplantation: clinical epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance (2016-21).JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics and risk factor analysis of recipients with multidrug-resistant bacterial bloodstream infections after liver transplantation: a single-centre retrospective study.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Article
- Assessment of pathogens and risk factors associated with bloodstream infection in the year after pediatric liver transplantation.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Poor outcomes of early recurrent post-transplant bloodstream infection in living-donor liver transplant recipients.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledAlthough some studies have examined the epidemiology of bloodstream infections after liver transplantation, they were based in single centers and did not identify bloodstream infections treated in other hospitals.
methodsWe retrospectively examined a cohort of 7912 adult liver transplant recipients from 24 transplant centers using 2004 to 2012 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification billing data from 3 State Inpatient Databases, and identified bloodstream infections, inpatient death, and cumulative 1-year hospital costs. Multilevel Cox regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with bloodstream infections and death.
resultsBloodstream infections were identified in 29% (n = 2326) of liver transplant recipients, with a range of 19% to 40% across transplant centers. Only 63% of bloodstream infections occurring more than 100 days posttransplant were identified at the original transplant center. Bloodstream infections were associated with posttransplant laparotomy (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.52), prior liver transplant (aHR, 1.42), increasing age (aHR, 1.07/decade), and some comorbidities. Death was associated with bloodstream infections with and without septic shock (aHR, 10.96 and 3.71, respectively), transplant failure or rejection (aHR, 1.41), posttransplant laparotomy (aHR, 1.40), prior solid-organ transplant (aHR, 1.48), increasing age (aHR, 1.15/decade), and hepatitis C cirrhosis (aHR, 1.20). The risk of bloodstream infections and death varied across transplant centers. Median 1-year cumulative hospital costs were higher for patients who developed bloodstream infections within 1 year of transplant compared with patients who were bloodstream infection-free (US $229 806 vs US $111 313; P < 0.001).
conclusionsBloodstream infections are common and costly complications after liver transplantation that are associated with a markedly increased risk of death. The incidence and risk of developing bloodstream infections may vary across transplant centers.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.