Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27458544›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2016

Epigenetic marks as the link between environment and development: examination of the associations between attachment, socioeconomic status, and methylation of the SLC6A4 gene.

Karen Jones-Mason, Isabel Elaine Allen, Nicole Bush, Steve Hamilton

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Shelter to Survival: Unpacking the Health Impacts of Housing Insecurity Across the Life Course.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Karen Jones-MasonDepartment of Social Welfare University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California; Center for Health & Community University of California San Francisco California.
Isabel Elaine AllenDepartment of Statistics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California.
Nicole BushDepartment of Psychiatry and Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California.
Steve HamiltonDepartment of Psychiatry University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California; Department of Psychiatry Kaiser-Permanente San Francisco Medical Center San Francisco California.
University of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEpigenetic processes act as a link between environment and individual development. This pilot study examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES), attachment, and methylation of the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4).

methodsAttachment classification and SLC6A4 methylation was determined in 100 late adolescents. We hypothesized that (1) SES would interact with methylation to predict higher unresolved loss (UL) or trauma scores on the Adult Attachment Interview; (2) across SES, participants with unresolved attachment would have lower levels of methylation than organized or secure participants; and (3) within the unresolved classification, SES would predict methylation.

resultsResults showed that lower methylation and low-SES were associated with higher UL, and higher methylation and low-SES were associated with higher unresolved trauma. Across SES, unresolved participants had lower levels of methylation than organized participants. Within the unresolved category, low-SES unresolved participants had higher levels of methylation than mid/upper-SES participants. SES was unrelated to methylation within the secure and organized categories.

conclusionsThese results suggest that the quality of attachment relationships may impact epigenetic processes.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationObject AttachmentAdultEpigenesis, GeneticFemaleHumansMalePromoter Regions, GeneticSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsSocioeconomic FactorsYoung AdultSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsSLC6A4 protein, humanAttachmentmethylationSLC6A4 and 5‐HTTLPRsocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID27458544
PMCPMC4951620
OpenAlexW2417450534

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.