Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27457812›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2017

Exome sequencing of Pakistani consanguineous families identifies 30 novel candidate genes for recessive intellectual disability.

S Riazuddin, M Hussain, A Razzaq, Z Iqbal, M Shahzad, D L Polla, Y Song, E van Beusekom, A A Khan, L Tomas-Roca and 25 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 108 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
108citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
12.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

108 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. A recurrentBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026
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48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.

S RiazuddinDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
M HussainDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
A RazzaqDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Z IqbalDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6387-8019
M ShahzadDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
D L PollaDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Y SongInstitute for Genome Sciences and Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
E van BeusekomDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
A A KhanNational Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
L Tomas-RocaDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
M RashidDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
M Y ZahoorNational Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
W M Wissink-LindhoutDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
M A R BasraNational Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
M AnsarDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Z AghaDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
K van HeeswijkDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
F RasheedNational Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
M Van de VorstDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
J A VeltmanDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
C GilissenDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1693-9699
J AkramCenter for Genetic Diseases, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
T KleefstraDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
M Z AssirAllama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
UK10K
D GrozevaDepartment of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
K CarssDepartment of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
F L RaymondDepartment of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
T D O'ConnorInstitute for Genome Sciences and Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
S A RiazuddinDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
S N KhanNational Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Z M AhmedDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
A P M de BrouwerDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
H van BokhovenDepartment of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
S RiazuddinCenter for Genetic Diseases, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Radboud University Nijmegen · NLUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · USUniversity of Cambridge · GBAllama Iqbal Medical College · PK

Funding

Genetics and Functional Studies of Autosomal Recessive Neurological DisordersR01NS107428 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI Saima Riazuddin · 2018 to 2026
$4.7M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS107428Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust WT091310
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intellectual disability (ID) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder, affecting 1-3% of the general population. Although research into the genetic causes of ID has recently gained momentum, identification of pathogenic mutations that cause autosomal recessive ID (ARID) has lagged behind, predominantly due to non-availability of sizeable families. Here we present the results of exome sequencing in 121 large consanguineous Pakistani ID families. In 60 families, we identified homozygous or compound heterozygous DNA variants in a single gene, 30 affecting reported ID genes and 30 affecting novel candidate ID genes. Potential pathogenicity of these alleles was supported by co-segregation with the phenotype, low frequency in control populations and the application of stringent bioinformatics analyses. In another eight families segregation of multiple pathogenic variants was observed, affecting 19 genes that were either known or are novel candidates for ID. Transcriptome profiles of normal human brain tissues showed that the novel candidate ID genes formed a network significantly enriched for transcriptional co-expression (P<0.0001) in the frontal cortex during fetal development and in the temporal-parietal and sub-cortex during infancy through adulthood. In addition, proteins encoded by 12 novel ID genes directly interact with previously reported ID proteins in six known pathways essential for cognitive function (P<0.0001). These results suggest that disruptions of temporal parietal and sub-cortical neurogenesis during infancy are critical to the pathophysiology of ID. These findings further expand the existing repertoire of genes involved in ARID, and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms and the transcriptome map of ID.

Indexed as

AllelesConsanguinityExomeExome SequencingFamilyGene FrequencyGenetic Association StudiesHumansIntellectual DisabilityMutationPakistanPedigree

Identifiers

PMID27457812
PMCPMC5658665
OpenAlexW2503100207

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.