ArticleParasites & vectors2016
The insect-specific Palm Creek virus modulates West Nile virus infection in and transmission by Australian mosquitoes.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 179 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of insect-specific viruses on transmission, infection, and replication of arboviruses in co-infected mosquitoes: a systematic review.Parasites & vectors · 2026Pooled it
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- Vertical transmission of Dengue virus type-3 and metagenomic virome profiles of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected in Kisumu, Kenya.PloS one · 2025Article
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- Highly divergent and diverse viral community infecting sylvatic mosquitoes from Northeast Brazil.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Eilat virus (EILV) causes superinfection exclusion against West Nile virus (WNV) in a strain-specific manner inThe Journal of general virology · 2024Article
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- Cell fusing agent virus rarely transmits vertically in artificially infected laboratory-colonized Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Orthoflavivirus Lammi in Russia: Possible Transovarial Transmission and Trans-Stadial Survival inViruses · 2024Article
- Japanese encephalitis virus inhibits superinfection of Zika virus in cells by the NS2B protein.Journal of virology · 2024Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInsect-specific viruses do not replicate in vertebrate cells, but persist in mosquito populations and are highly prevalent in nature. These viruses may naturally regulate the transmission of pathogenic vertebrate-infecting arboviruses in co-infected mosquitoes. Following the isolation of the first Australian insect-specific flavivirus (ISF), Palm Creek virus (PCV), we investigated routes of infection and transmission of this virus in key Australian arbovirus vectors and its impact on replication and transmission of West Nile virus (WNV).
methodsCulex annulirostris, Aedes aegypti and Aedes vigilax were exposed to PCV, and infection, replication and transmission rates in individual mosquitoes determined. To test whether the virus could be transmitted vertically, progeny reared from eggs oviposited by PCV-inoculated Cx. annulirostris were analysed for the presence of PCV. To assess whether prior infection of mosquitoes with PCV could also suppress the transmission of pathogenic flaviviruses, PCV positive or negative Cx. annulirostris were subsequently exposed to WNV.
resultsNo PCV-infected Cx. annulirostris were detected 16 days after feeding on an infectious blood meal. However, when intrathoracically inoculated with PCV, Cx. annulirostris infection rates were 100 %. Similar rates of infection were observed in Ae. aegypti (100 %) and Ae. vigilax (95 %). Notably, PCV was not detected in any saliva expectorates collected from any of these species. PCV was not detected in 1038 progeny reared from 59 PCV-infected Cx. annulirostris. After feeding on a blood meal containing 10(7) infectious units of WNV, significantly fewer PCV-infected Cx. annulirostris were infected or transmitted WNV compared to PCV negative mosquitoes. Immunohistochemistry revealed that PCV localized in the midgut epithelial cells, which are the first site of infection with WNV.
conclusionsOur results indicate that PCV cannot infect Cx. annulirostris via the oral route, nor be transmitted in saliva or vertically to progeny. We also provide further evidence that prior infection with insect-specific viruses can regulate the infection and transmission of pathogenic arboviruses.
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