ArticleScientific reports2016
Changing Polygenic Penetrance on Phenotypes in the 20(th) Century Among Adults in the US Population.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Overcoming attenuation bias in regressions using polygenic indices.Nature communications · 2023Pooled it
- How are social determinants of health integrated into epigenetic research? A systematic review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2021Pooled it
- Genetic risk for high body mass index before and amidst the obesity epidemic: Cross-cohort analysis of four british birth cohort studies.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Raising the Floor? Genetic Influences on Educational Attainment Through the Lens of the Evolving Swedish Welfare State.Behavior genetics · 2025Article
- Heritability in the Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) Vertebral Column.American journal of primatology · 2025Article
- Genetic influences on depression and selection into adverse life experiences.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Gene-environment interactions and the case of body mass index and obesity: How much do they matter?PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Father absence, age at menarche, and genetic confounding: A replication and extension using a polygenic score.Development and psychopathology · 2022Article
- Modeling Interaction and Dispersion Effects in the Analysis of Gene-by-Environment Interaction.Behavior genetics · 2022Article
- The impact of late-career job loss and genetic risk on body mass index: Evidence from variance polygenic scores.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Interactions between Polygenic Scores and Environments: Methodological and Conceptual Challenges.Sociological science · 2020Article
- PRS-on-Spark (PRSoS): a novel, efficient and flexible approach for generating polygenic risk scores.BMC bioinformatics · 2018Article
- Schools as Moderators of Genetic Associations with Life Course Attainments: Evidence from the WLS and Add Health.Sociological science · 2018Article
- Education, Smoking, and Cohort Change: Forwarding a Multidimensional Theory of the Environmental Moderation of Genetic Effects.American sociological review · 2018Article
- Father Absence and Accelerated Reproductive Development in Non-Hispanic White Women in the United States.Demography · 2018Article
- Geographic Clustering of Polygenic Scores at Different Stages of the Life Course.The Russell Sage Foundation journal of the social sciences : RSF · 2018Article
- The social genome of friends and schoolmates in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- The Effect of Vietnam-Era Conscription and Genetic Potential for Educational Attainment on Schooling Outcomes.Economics of education review · 2017Article
- Hidden heritability due to heterogeneity across seven populations.Nature human behaviour · 2017Article
- Mortality selection in a genetic sample and implications for association studies.International journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study evaluates changes in genetic penetrance-defined as the association between an additive polygenic score and its associated phenotype-across birth cohorts. Situating our analysis within recent historical trends in the U.S., we show that, while height and BMI show increasing genotypic penetrance over the course of 20(th) Century, education and heart disease show declining genotypic effects. Meanwhile, we find genotypic penetrance to be historically stable with respect to depression. Our findings help inform our understanding of how the genetic and environmental landscape of American society has changed over the past century, and have implications for research which models gene-environment (GxE) interactions, as well as polygenic score calculations in consortia studies that include multiple birth cohorts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.