Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27455096›Full record

ArticlePloS one2016

Selective Factors Associated with the Evolution of Codon Usage in Natural Populations of Arboviruses.

Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Selene Zarate, Michael Eschbaumer, Francisco Pereira Lobo, Douglas P Gladue, Jonathan Arzt, Isabel S Novella, Luis L Rodriguez

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. The future of zoonotic risk prediction.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Lauro Velazquez-SalinasForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA/ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient Point, New York, United States of America.
Selene ZarateAutonomous University of Mexico City, Genomics Sciences Program, Mexico City, Mexico.
Michael EschbaumerForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA/ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient Point, New York, United States of America.
Francisco Pereira LoboLaboratório Multiusuário de Bioinformática, Embrapa Informática Agropecuária, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) Campinas, Brazil.
Douglas P GladueForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA/ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient Point, New York, United States of America.
Jonathan ArztForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA/ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient Point, New York, United States of America.
Isabel S NovellaDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America.
Luis L RodriguezForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA/ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient Point, New York, United States of America.
Plum Island Animal Disease Center · USBrazilian Agricultural Research Corporation · BROak Ridge Associated Universities · USOak Ridge Institute for Science and EducationUniversity of Toledo · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Arboviruses (arthropod borne viruses) have life cycles that include both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts with substantial differences in vector and host specificity between different viruses. Most arboviruses utilize RNA for their genetic material and are completely dependent on host tRNAs for their translation, suggesting that virus codon usage could be a target for selection. In the current study we analyzed the relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) patterns of 26 arboviruses together with 25 vectors and hosts, including 8 vertebrates and 17 invertebrates. We used hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to identify trends in codon usage. HCA demonstrated that the RSCU of arboviruses reflects that of their natural hosts, but not that of dead-end hosts. Of the two major components identified by PCA, the first accounted for 62.1% of the total variance, and among the 59 codons analyzed in this study, the leucine codon CTG had the highest correlation with the first principal component, however isoleucine had the highest correlation during amino acid analysis. Nucleotide and dinucleotide composition were the variables that explained most of the total codon usage variance. The results suggest that the main factors driving the evolution of codon usage in arboviruses is based on the nucleotide and dinucleotide composition present in the host. Comparing codon usage of arboviruses and potential vector hosts can help identifying potential vectors for emerging arboviruses.

Indexed as

CodonEvolution, MolecularSelection, GeneticAmino AcidsArbovirusesArbovirus InfectionsBase CompositionBiomarkersCluster AnalysisGenome, ViralGenomicsHost-Pathogen InteractionsViral ProteinsViral TropismAmino AcidsBiomarkersCodonViral Proteins

Identifiers

PMID27455096
PMCPMC4959722
OpenAlexW2503849264

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.