ArticlePloS one2016
The GlnR Regulon in Streptococcus mutans Is Differentially Regulated by GlnR and PmrA.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Computational and preliminary screening of anti-caries active compounds of Caesalpinia sappan.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Environmental Control of Queuosine Levels in Streptococcus mutans tRNAs.Molecular microbiology · 2025Article
- Transcriptional control of carbohydrate catabolism by the CcpA protein in the ruminal bacteriumApplied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Nicotinamide could reduce growth and cariogenic virulence ofJournal of oral microbiology · 2022Article
- Is hyaluronic acid production transcriptionally regulated? A transcriptional repressor gene deletion study in Streptococcus zooepidemicus.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Functional Analysis of a Fibronectin Binding Protein of Streptococcus parasanguinis FW213.Current microbiology · 2020Article
- Functional Analysis of the Collagen Binding Proteins of Streptococcus parasanguinis FW213.mSphere · 2020Article
- Functional Genomic Analyses of Exopolysaccharide-ProducingFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Impact of growth pH and glucose concentrations on the CodY regulatory network in Streptococcus salivarius.BMC genomics · 2018Article
- Coordinated Regulation of the EIIApplied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
GlnR-mediated repression of the GlnR regulon at acidic pH is required for optimal acid tolerance in Streptococcus mutans, the etiologic agent for dental caries. Unlike most streptococci, the GlnR regulon is also regulated by newly identified PmrA (SMUGS5_RS05810) at the transcriptional level in S. mutans GS5. Results from gel mobility shift assays confirmed that both GlnR and PmrA recognized the putative GlnR box in the promoter regions of the GlnR regulon genes. By using a chemostat culture system, we found that PmrA activated the expression of the GlnR regulon at pH 7, and that this activation was enhanced by excess glucose. Deletion of pmrA (strain ΔPmrA) reduced the survival rate of S. mutans GS5 at pH 3 moderately, whereas the GlnR mutant (strain ΔGlnR) exhibited an acid-sensitive phenotype in the acid killing experiments. Elevated biofilm formation in both ΔGlnR and ΔPmrA mutant strains is likely a result of indirect regulation of the GlnR regulon since GlnR and PmrA regulate the regulon differently. Taken together, it is suggested that activation of the GlnR regulon by PmrA at pH 7 ensures adequate biosynthesis of amino acid precursor, whereas repression by GlnR at acidic pH allows greater ATP generation for acid tolerance. The tight regulation of the GlnR regulon in response to pH provides an advantage for S. mutans to better survive in its primary niche, the oral cavity.
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