ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2016
Creation of reference DNA barcode library and authentication of medicinal plant raw drugs used in Ayurvedic medicine.
Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advancing plant DNA barcoding: integrating chloroplast genome sequencing, cryptic diversity discovery and machine learning.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- CDMMM: a comprehensive platform of traditional Indian medicinal plant DNA barcodes and metabolite fingerprints database.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Unfolding the Complete Chloroplast Genome ofEcology and evolution · 2025Article
- DNA barcoding in herbal medicine: Retrospective and prospective.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2023Review
- Deoxyribonucleic Acid Barcoding for the Identification of Botanicals.Progress in the chemistry of organic natural products · 2023Article
- A combined approach of DNA metabarcoding collectively enhances the detection efficiency of medicinal plants in single and polyherbal formulations.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- DNA Barcoding Medicinal Plant Species from Indonesia.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A Review on Application of DNA Barcoding Technology for Rapid Molecular Diagnostics of Adulterants in Herbal Medicine.Drug safety · 2022Review
- Advancements and future prospective of DNA barcodes in the herbal drug industry.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Influence of Geographical and Seasonal Variations on Carbazole Alkaloids Distribution inBioMed research international · 2020Article
- DNA Metabarcoding Authentication of Ayurvedic Herbal Products on the European Market Raises Concerns of Quality and Fidelity.Frontiers in plant science · 2019Article
- Establishment of widely applicable DNA extraction methods to identify the origins of crude drugs derived from animals using molecular techniques.Journal of natural medicines · 2019Article
- Identification of crude drugs in the Japanese pharmacopoeia using a DNA barcoding system.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- BOKP: A DNA Barcode Reference Library for Monitoring Herbal Drugs in the Korean Pharmacopeia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2017Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAyurveda is a system of traditional medicine that originated in ancient India, and it is still in practice. Medicinal plants are the backbone of Ayurveda, which heavily relies on the plant-derived therapeutics. While Ayurveda is becoming more popular in several countries throughout the World, lack of authenticated medicinal plant raw drugs is a growing concern. Our aim was to DNA barcode the medicinal plants that are listed in the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API) to create a reference DNA barcode library, and to use the same to authenticate the raw drugs that are sold in markets.
methodsWe have DNA barcoded 347 medicinal plants using rbcL marker, and curated rbcL DNA barcodes for 27 medicinal plants from public databases. These sequences were used to create Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India - Reference DNA Barcode Library (API-RDBL). This library was used to authenticate 100 medicinal plant raw drugs, which were in the form of powders (82) and seeds (18).
resultsAyurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India - Reference DNA Barcode Library (API-RDBL) was created with high quality and authentic rbcL barcodes for 374 out of the 395 medicinal plants that are included in the API. The rbcL DNA barcode differentiated 319 species (85 %) with the pairwise divergence ranging between 0.2 and 29.9 %. PCR amplification and DNA sequencing success rate of rbcL marker was 100 % even for the poorly preserved medicinal plant raw drugs that were collected from local markets. DNA barcoding revealed that only 79 % raw drugs were authentic, and the remaining 21 % samples were adulterated. Further, adulteration was found to be much higher with powders (ca. 25 %) when compared to seeds (ca. 5 %).
conclusionsThe present study demonstrated the utility of DNA barcoding in authenticating medicinal plant raw drugs, and found that approximately one fifth of the market samples were adulterated. Powdered raw drugs, which are very difficult to be identified by taxonomists as well as common people, seem to be the easy target for adulteration. Developing a quality control protocol for medicinal plant raw drugs by incorporating DNA barcoding as a component is essential to ensure safety to the consumers.
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