Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27450627›Full record

ReviewAutonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical2017

What is nausea? A historical analysis of changing views.

Carey D Balaban, Bill J Yates

Registry-linked trialAbstract readHistorical ArticleReview
In one paragraph

Review in Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06726980 (Effects of Dextrose Versus Saline Infusion on Intrathecal Morphine-Induced Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting During Gynecological Abdominal Surgeries), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06726980 phase4not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Dextrose Versus Saline Infusion on Intrathecal Morphine-Induced Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting During Gynecological Abdominal Surgeries: Randomized Controlled Double-blind Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorAssiut UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled63ConditionsGynecological Abdominal SurgeriesArmsdextrose 5%, Dextrose 10%, 0.9% saline
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Observational
  3. Real-world incidence of nausea and vomiting induced by antineoplastic agents: insights and future directions from the Japanese adverse drug event report database.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Gastrointestinal symptoms are associated with trajectories of chemotherapy-induced nausea.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2020
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Revisiting the physiology of nausea and vomiting-challenging the paradigm.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2020
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Acute findings in an acquired neurosensory dysfunction.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2019
    Article
  17. Nausea in advanced cancer: relationships between intensity, burden, and the need for help.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2019
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Carey D BalabanDepartment of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Bill J YatesDepartment of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address: byates@pitt.edu.
University of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

VESTIBULAR REGULATION OF RESPIRATORY MUSCLE ACTIVITYR01DC003732 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BALABAN, CAREY DAVID, YATES, BILL J · 1998 to 2014
$4.0M
Multisensory control of autonomic functionR01DC013788 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BARMAN, SUSAN M, YATES, BILL J · 2015 to 2019
$1.6M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC003732NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC013788
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The connotation of "nausea" has changed across several millennia. The medical term 'nausea' is derived from the classical Greek terms ναυτια and ναυσια, which designated the signs and symptoms of seasickness. In classical texts, nausea referred to a wide range of perceptions and actions, including lethargy and disengagement, headache (migraine), and anorexia, with an awareness that vomiting was imminent only when the condition was severe. However, some recent articles have limited the definition to the sensations that immediately precede emesis. Defining nausea is complicated by the fact that it has many triggers, and can build-up slowly or rapidly, such that the prodromal signs and symptoms can vary. In particular, disengagement responses referred to as the "sopite syndrome" are typically present only when emetic stimuli are moderately provocative, and do not quickly culminate in vomiting or withdrawing from the triggering event. This review considers how the definition of "nausea" has evolved over time, and summarizes the physiological changes that occur prior to vomiting that may be indicative of nausea. Also described are differences in the perception of nausea, as well as the accompanying physiological responses, that occur with varying stimuli. This information is synthesized to provide an operational definition of nausea.

Indexed as

AnimalsHistory, 19th CenturyHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, AncientHumansNauseaEmesisNauseaSeasicknessSopite syndromeVomiting

Identifiers

PMID27450627
PMCPMC5203950
OpenAlexW2495281136

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.