ArticleCell death and differentiation2016
Spermidine alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through inducing inhibitory macrophages.
Article in Cell death and differentiation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutraceutical Approaches of Autophagy and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- Multiomic analysis reveals that polyamines alter G. vaginalis-induced cervicovaginal epithelial cell dysfunction.Research square · 2026Article
- Repurposing polyamines to prevent life-threatening arrhythmias in Short QT Syndrome type 3.Nature communications · 2026Article
- miR-9394b from Lactobacillus paracasei extracellular vesicles targets iNOS to reprogram host NO-ornithine metabolism and ameliorate DSS-induced murine colitis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Spermidine Suppresses Peripheral Inflammation and Alleviates Non-Motor Symptoms in the 6-OHDA-Induced Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Macrophage-intrinsic and IL-9-dependent arginine metabolism promotes lung tumor growth.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Androgen Receptor Drives Polyamine Synthesis, Creating a Vulnerability for Prostate Cancer.Cancer research · 2026Article
- In Vitro Antioxidant and Cellular Activities of Functionalized Spermidine by Conjugating with Ascorbic Acid in Human Skin Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Spermidine Reproduces the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Intermittent Fasting and Prevents Urate and Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal-Induced Inflammation.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Effect of Coated Inorganic Micro-Minerals on Growth, Mineral Retention, and Intestinal Health in Juvenile American Eels Under a Commercial RAS.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- The arginase-polyamine signaling axis in immune cells: Implications for immune modulation and host-pathogen interactions.iScience · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and gut-derived metabolites in defining multiple sclerosis phenotypic continuum.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Amino acid metabolism modulates macrophage polarization: implications for autoimmune-related diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The microbiome bone axis in osteomyelitis: integrating evidence from bone oral and gut microbiota.Microbiome research reports · 2026Review
- Gut microbial metabolites in cancer immunomodulation.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Spatial metabolomics to profile metabolic reprogramming of liver inParasitology · 2025Article
- Oral FPR2/ALX modulators tune myeloid cell activity to ameliorate mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Integrated Metabolomics and Spatial Transcriptomics of Cystic Pancreatic Cancer Precursors Reveals Dysregulated Polyamine Metabolism as a Biomarker of Progression.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Article
- Spermidine reduces ISGylation and enhances ISG15-USP18 interaction.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Polyamine metabolism in prostate cancer.Current opinion in oncology · 2025Review
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and debilitating autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic inflammatory demyelination in the nervous tissue and subsequent neurological dysfunction. Spermidine, a natural polyamine, has been shown to affect inflammation in some experimental models. We show here that spermidine could alleviate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model for MS, through regulating the infiltration of CD4
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.