ReviewFrontiers in immunology2016
Cytomegalovirus Infection May Contribute to the Reduced Immune Function, Growth, Development, and Health of HIV-Exposed, Uninfected African Children.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of environment and in-utero HIV exposure on neurodevelopment in infants.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- The Linda Kizazi study: a comparison of morbidity and mortality from birth to 2 years between children who are HIV-unexposed and HIV-exposed, uninfected in the era of universal antiretroviral therapy.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Impact of HIV exposure without infection on hospital course and mortality among young children in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-site cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Human cytomegalovirus seropositivity and its influence on oral rotavirus vaccine immunogenicity: a specific concern for HIV-exposed-uninfected infants.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- The Frequency and Function of NKG2CViruses · 2023Article
- Complexity of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in South African HIV-Exposed Infants with Pneumonia.Viruses · 2022Article
- Host-Viral Interactions at the Maternal-Fetal Interface. What We Know and What We Need to Know.Frontiers · 2022Article
- Inflammation, cytomegalovirus and the growth hormone axis in HIV-exposed uninfected Zimbabwean infants.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Early child development in children who are HIV-exposed uninfected compared to children who are HIV-unexposed: observational sub-study of a cluster-randomized trial in rural Zimbabwe.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Observational
- Growth and Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: a Conceptual Framework.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
- Global HIV neurology: a comprehensive review.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Review
- HIV Viremia During Pregnancy and Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children in the Context of Universal Antiretroviral Therapy and Breastfeeding: A Prospective Study.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2019Article
- Neurodevelopment of breastfed HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed children in South Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- The Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Cytomegalovirus Infection on Infant Responses to Vaccines: A Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Major TCR Repertoire Perturbation by Immunodominant HLA-BFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Cytomegalovirus viraemia is associated with poor growth and T-cell activation with an increased burden in HIV-exposed uninfected infants.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Observational
- Cytomegalovirus Acquisition and Inflammation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Uninfected Zimbabwean Infants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Tenofovir exposure in utero and linear growth in HIV-exposed, uninfected infants.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Article
- Association Between Cytomegalovirus Reactivation and Clinical Outcomes in Immunocompetent Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Africa, most children born to HIV-infected mothers are not themselves HIV-infected. These HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) children are at increased risk of mortality and have immune, growth, development, and health deficits compared to HIV-unexposed children. HEU children are known to be at higher risk than HIV-unexposed children of acquiring cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in early life. This risk is largely unaffected by ART and is increased by breastfeeding, which itself is critically important for child health and survival. Early CMV infection, namely in utero or during early infancy, may contribute to reduced growth, altered or impaired immune functions, and sensory and cognitive deficits. We review the evidence that CMV may be responsible for the health impairments of HEU children. There are currently no ideal safe and effective interventions to reduce postnatal CMV infection. If a clinical trial showed proof of the principle that decreasing early CMV infection improved health and development of HEU children, this could provide the impetus needed for the development of better interventions to improve the health of this vulnerable population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.