SynthesisContraception2016
Drug interactions between hormonal contraceptives and psychotropic drugs: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Contraception, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug-Drug Interactions Between Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Oral Medications: A Systematic Review.Drug safety · 2024Pooled it
- Drug interactions between rifamycin antibiotics and hormonal contraception: a systematic review.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2018Pooled it
- Safety of hormonal contraception and intrauterine devices among women with depressive and bipolar disorders: a systematic review.Contraception · 2016Pooled it
- Hormonal Medication Effects on Trichotillomania and Skin Picking Disorder.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Prescribed hormonal contraceptive use trends in the Estonian Biobank: A longitudinal observational study.PLoS medicine · 2026Observational
- Hormonal contraceptives and EEG biomarkers for antidepressant treatment response in women.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Do sex and gender matter in the pharmacological treatment of depression?Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Clinical effects of CYP2D6 phenoconversion in patients with psychosis.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2024.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2024Article
- Parents' satisfaction with information received on psychotropic drugs used by adolescents in a Mental Health Unit.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2022Article
- The Impact of Hormonal Contraceptive Use on Serotonergic Neurotransmission and Antidepressant Treatment Response: Results From the NeuroPharm 1 Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Hypogonadism in Women with Prader-Willi Syndrome-Clinical Recommendations Based on a Dutch Cohort Study, Review of the Literature and an International Expert Panel Discussion.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Quantifying the economic burden of unintended pregnancies due to drug-drug interactions with hormonal contraceptives from the United States payer perspective.Gates open research · 2021Article
- Hormonal Contraceptives and Mood: Review of the Literature and Implications for Future Research.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Review
- Contraception counseling for women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): current perspectives.Open access journal of contraception · 2019Article
- Removing medical barriers to contraception - evidence-based recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016.Contraception · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine whether the co-administration of hormonal contraceptives (HC) and psychotropic drugs commonly used to treat anxiety and/or depression results in safety or efficacy concerns for either drug.
methodsWe searched PubMed and Cochrane libraries for clinical or pharmacokinetic (PK) studies that examined co-administration of any HC with psychotropic drugs [selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), oral benzodiazepines, bupropion, mirtazapine, trazadone, buspirone, hydroxyzine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), or atypical antipsychotics] in reproductive aged women.
resultsOf 555 articles identified, 22 articles (18 studies) met inclusion criteria. We identified 5 studies on SSRIs, four on TCAs, one on bupropion, three on atypical antipsychotics and five on oral benzodiazepines. No articles met inclusion criteria for SNRIs, mirtazapine, trazadone, buspirone, hydroxyzine or MAOIs. Overall, clinical studies did not demonstrate differences in unintended pregnancy rates when HCs were administered with and without psychotropic drugs or in psychotropic drug treatment outcomes when psychotropic drugs were administered with and without HCs. PK studies did not demonstrate changes in drug exposure related to contraceptive safety, contraceptive effectiveness or psychotropic drug effectiveness for most classes of psychotropic drugs. However, limited PK data raise concern for HCs increasing systemic exposure of amitriptyline and imipramine (both TCAs), theoretically posing safety concerns.
conclusionLimited quality and quantity evidence on use of psychotropic drugs and HCs suggests low concern for clinically significant interactions, though no data exist specifically for non-oral formulations of HC. Given the high frequency of use for both HCs and psychotropic drugs among reproductive-age women in the US, this review highlights a need for further research in this area.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.