ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN2016
Metabolic Profiling of Impaired Cognitive Function in Patients Receiving Dialysis.
Article in Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cognitive Impairment in End Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: Markers and Risk Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The impact of intradialytic elastic band exercise on physical and cognitive abilities in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial.Renal failure · 2025Trial
- Development and validation of the dialysis dementia risk score: A retrospective, population-based, nested case-control study.European journal of neurology · 2022Trial
- A Metabolomics Approach To Identify Metabolites Associated with Uremic Symptoms in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis.Kidney360 · 2026Article
- Microbiota-derived metabolites and cognitive dysfunction in dialysis patients: mechanisms and targeted therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Archaea methanogens are associated with cognitive performance through the shaping of gut microbiota, butyrate and histidine metabolism.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Plasma Phenylacetylglutamine and Cognitive Impairment After Ischemic Stroke.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Association of Phenylacetylglutamine and Cognitive Impairment in CKD.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Uremic Toxins, CKD, and Cognitive Dysfunction.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Review
- Investigation of a targeted panel of gut microbiome-derived toxins in children with chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Genetic and circulating biomarkers of cognitive dysfunction and dementia in CKD.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Review
- Metabolomics to Identify Unclassified Uremic Toxins: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Kidney medicine · 2025Review
- In silico medicine and -omics strategies in nephrology: contributions and relevance to the diagnosis and prevention of chronic kidney disease.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2025Article
- Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential is associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment in patients with chronic kidney disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Cognitive decline related to chronic kidney disease as an exclusion factor from kidney transplantation: results from an international survey.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Role of the Gut Bacteria-Derived Metabolite Phenylacetylglutamine in Health and Diseases.ACS omega · 2024Review
- Blood Pressure, Incident Cognitive Impairment, and Severity of CKD: Findings From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2023Article
- Incident dementia in kidney transplantation recipients: a matched comparative nationwide cohort study in South Korea.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2023Article
- Albuminuria, Cognitive Impairment, and Structural Brain Disease: Connecting the Brain and Kidney.Kidney medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Retention of uremic metabolites is a proposed cause of cognitive impairment in patients with ESRD. We used metabolic profiling to identify and validate uremic metabolites associated with impairment in executive function in two cohorts of patients receiving maintenance dialysis. We performed metabolic profiling using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry applied to predialysis plasma samples from a discovery cohort of 141 patients and an independent replication cohort of 180 patients participating in a trial of frequent hemodialysis. We assessed executive function with the Trail Making Test Part B and the Digit Symbol Substitution test. Impaired executive function was defined as a score ≥2 SDs below normative values. Four metabolites-4-hydroxyphenylacetate, phenylacetylglutamine, hippurate, and prolyl-hydroxyproline-were associated with impaired executive function at the false-detection rate significance threshold. After adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics, the associations remained statistically significant: relative risk 1.16 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.03 to 1.32), 1.39 (95% CI, 1.13 to 1.71), 1.24 (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.50), and 1.20 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.38) for each SD increase in 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, phenylacetylglutamine, hippurate, and prolyl-hydroxyproline, respectively. The association between 4-hydroxyphenylacetate and impaired executive function was replicated in the second cohort (relative risk 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.23), whereas the associations for phenylacetylglutamine, hippurate, and prolyl-hydroxyproline did not reach statistical significance in this cohort. In summary, four metabolites related to phenylalanine, benzoate, and glutamate metabolism may be markers of cognitive impairment in patients receiving maintenance dialysis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.