SynthesisBMJ open2016
Distinguishing the associations between daily mortality and hospital admissions and nitrogen dioxide from those of particulate matter: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Short-Term Exposure to Ozone on Hospital Admissions for Multiple Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Pooled it
- Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental research · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-crossover and time-series studies of short term outdoor nitrogen dioxide exposure and ischemic heart disease morbidity.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2020Pooled it
- Cardiopulmonary and Immune Effects of Environmental Particulate Exposures.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- The importance of investigating temporal variability in short-term effects of air pollution on mortality at the local level: a 12-year study in a high-risk Italian area.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Changes in the short-term relationship between air pollution and mortality in New York City, 1990-2019.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Effect of Air Pollution Reductions on Mortality During the COVID-19 Lockdowns in Early 2020.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2025Article
- Epidemiological Evidence That Air Pollutants May Accelerate or Delay Breast Cancer Mortality: A Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- High resolution mapping of nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter in Great Britain (2003-2021) with multi-stage data reconstruction and ensemble machine learning methods.Atmospheric pollution research · 2024Article
- Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide and Mortality in 4 Countries.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic and environmental determinants of asthma prevalence: a cross-sectional study at the U.S. County level using geographically weighted random forests.International journal of health geographics · 2023Article
- Quantifying COVID-19's silver lining: Avoided deaths from air quality improvements in Bogotá.Journal of environmental economics and management · 2023Article
- Neighborhood environmental factors linked to hospitalizations of older people for viral lower respiratory tract infections in Spain: a case-crossover study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Article
- Long-term exposure to ambient NOJournal of advanced research · 2022Article
- Synergistic or Antagonistic Health Effects of Long- and Short-Term Exposure to Ambient NOInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Asthma and COPD exacerbation in relation to outdoor air pollution in the metropolitan area of Berlin, Germany.Respiratory research · 2022Article
- The influence of dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the association between short-term exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide and respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes among healthy adults.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2021Article
- Long-Term Exposure to Low-LevelEnvironmental health perspectives · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo quantitatively assess time-series studies of daily nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and mortality and hospital admissions which also controlled for particulate matter (PM) to determine whether or to what extent the NO2 associations are independent of PM.
designA systematic review and meta-analysis.
methodsTime-series studies-published in peer-reviewed journals worldwide, up to May 2011-that reported both single-pollutant and two-pollutant model estimates for NO2 and PM were ascertained from bibliographic databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science) and reviews. Random-effects summary estimates were calculated globally and stratified by different geographical regions, and effect modification was investigated. OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality and hospital admissions for various cardiovascular or respiratory diseases in different age groups in the general population.
results60 eligible studies were identified, and meta-analysis was conducted on 23 outcomes. Two-pollutant model study estimates generally showed that the NO2 associations were independent of PM mass. For all-cause mortality, a 10 µg/m(3) increase in 24-hour NO2 was associated with a 0.78% (95% CI 0.47% to 1.09%) increase in the risk of death, which reduced to 0.60% (0.33% to 0.87%) after control for PM. Heterogeneity between geographical region-specific estimates was removed by control for PM (I(2) from 66.9% to 0%). Estimates of PM and daily mortality assembled from the same studies were greatly attenuated after control for NO2: from 0.51% (0.29% to 0.74%) to 0.18% (-0.11% to 0.47%) per 10 µg/m(3) PM10 and 0.74% (0.34% to 1.14%) to 0.54% (-0.25% to 1.34%) for PM2.5.
conclusionsThe association between short-term exposure to NO2 and adverse health outcomes is largely independent of PM mass. Further studies should attempt to investigate whether this is a generic PM effect or whether it is modified by the source and physicochemical characteristics of PM. This finding strengthens the argument for NO2 having a causal role in health effects.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.