ArticleExperimental eye research2017
Topical administration of a Rock/Net inhibitor promotes retinal ganglion cell survival and axon regeneration after optic nerve injury.
Article in Experimental eye research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Ocular effects of Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibition: a systematic review.Eye (London, England) · 2024Pooled it
- 3'UTR regulation of axon translation and optic nerve regeneration.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Prognostic factors associated with visual field recovery in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.PloS one · 2026Article
- Review
- Effects of a ROCK Inhibitor on Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vivo and In Vitro.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors in the Treatment of Glaucoma and Glaucoma Surgery: A Systematic Review of Early to Late Phase Clinical Trials.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The molecular mechanisms underlying retinal ganglion cell apoptosis and optic nerve regeneration in glaucoma (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- The Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Topical Rho Kinase Inhibition in Experimental Mouse Glaucoma and Optic Neuropathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- The novel ROCK2 selective inhibitor NRL-1049 preserves the blood-brain barrier after acute injury.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Rho kinase inhibitor effects on neuroprotection and neuroinflammation in an ex-vivo retinal explant model.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2024Article
- Axonal protection by combination of ripasudil and brimonidine with upregulation of p-AMPK in TNF-induced optic nerve degeneration.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Rho-Kinase Inhibitors as Emerging Targets for Glaucoma Therapy.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2023Review
- Review
- Recently Approved Drugs for Lowering and Controlling Intraocular Pressure to Reduce Vision Loss in Ocular Hypertensive and Glaucoma Patients.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Gastrodin promotes the regeneration of peripheral nerves by regulating miR-497/BDNF axis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2022Article
- Axonal Protection by Netarsudil, a ROCK Inhibitor, Is Linked to an AMPK-Autophagy Pathway in TNF-Induced Optic Nerve Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Status of Rho kinase inhibitors in glaucoma therapeutics-an overview.International ophthalmology · 2022Review
- [Rho kinase inhibitors as new local therapy option in primary open angle glaucoma].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2021Review
- Safety and efficacy of topically administered netarsudil (Rhopressa™) in normal and glaucomatous dogs with ADAMTS10-open-angle glaucoma (ADAMTS10-OAG).Veterinary ophthalmology · 2021Article
- New perspectives of immunomodulation and neuroprotection in glaucoma.Central-European journal of immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering ophthalmic solutions that inhibit Rho-associated protein kinases (Rock) and norepinephrine transporters (Net) are currently under clinical evaluation. Here we evaluate topical application of one such drug for its effects on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival and axon regeneration after optic nerve crush injury. We performed unilateral optic nerve crush on young rats (P18) and topically applied Rock/Net inhibitor AR-13324 or placebo 3 times a day for 14 days. IOP was measured starting 3 days before and up to 9 days after injury. On day 12, cholera toxin B (CTB) was injected intravitreally to trace optic nerve regeneration. On day 14, retinas and optic nerves were collected. The retinas were flat-mounted and stained with RBPMS to quantify RGC survival and the optic nerves were sectioned for optic nerve axon quantification using fluorescent and confocal microscopy. Rock phosphorylation targets implicated in axon growth including cofilin and LIMK were examined by fluorescence microscopy and quantitative western blotting. AR-13324 lowered IOP as expected. RGC survival and optic nerve axon regeneration were significantly higher with Rock/Net inhibitor treatment compared with placebo. Furthermore, topical therapy decreased Rock target protein phosphorylation in the retinas and proximal optic nerves. These data suggest that topical administration of a Rock/Net inhibitor promotes RGC survival and regeneration after optic nerve injury, with associated molecular changes indicative of posterior drug activity. Coordinated IOP lowering and neuroprotective or regenerative effects may be advantageous in the treatment of patients with glaucoma.
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