ArticlePloS one2016
The Immune Landscapes of Polypoid and Nonpolypoid Precancerous Colorectal Lesions.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the expression of CTLA-4 and CD28 genes as immune regulators in patients with colorectal polyps.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- The Immune Environment in Colorectal Adenoma: A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporal analysis of tumour-infiltrating immune cells in biliary carcinogenesis.British journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Microenvironmental modulation of the developing tumour: an immune-stromal dialogue.Molecular oncology · 2021Review
- Circulating immune parameters-based nomogram for predicting malignancy in laryngeal neoplasm.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Article
- Neutrophils suppress tumor-infiltrating T cells in colon cancer via matrix metalloproteinase-mediated activation of TGFβ.EMBO molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Immune battle at the premalignant stage of colorectal cancer: focus on immune cell compositions, functions and cytokine products.American journal of cancer research · 2020Review
- Multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing standard and high resolution optical technologies in colorectal cancer screening.Frontline gastroenterology · 2019Article
- Epithelial CD80 promotes immune surveillance of colonic preneoplastic lesions and its expression is increased by oxidative stress through STAT3 in colon cancer cells.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2019Article
- Expression of PD-L1 and SOX2 during rectal tumourigenesis: Potential mechanisms for immune escape and tumour cell invasion.Oncology letters · 2018Article
- Colorectal cancer prevention: Immune modulation taking the stage.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2018Review
- Research Progress of Intestinal Microecology in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinogenesis.Technology in cancer research & treatmentReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Little is known about the immunoediting process in precancerous lesions. We explored this aspect of benign colorectal adenomas with a descriptive analysis of the immune pathways and immune cells whose regulation is linked to the morphology and size of these lesions. Two series of polypoid and nonpolypoid colorectal adenomas were used in this study: 1) 84 samples (42 lesions, each with matched samples of normal mucosa) whose gene expression data were used to quantify the tumor morphology- and size-related dysregulation of immune pathways collected in the Molecular Signature Database, using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis; 2) 40 other lesions examined with immunohistochemistry to quantify the presence of immune cells in the stromal compartment. In the analysis of transcriptomic data, 429 immune pathways displayed significant differential regulation in neoplasms of different morphology and size. Most pathways were significantly upregulated or downregulated in polypoid lesions versus nonpolypoid lesions (regardless of size). Differential pathway regulation associated with lesion size was observed only in polypoid neoplasms. These findings were mirrored by tissue immunostaining with CD4, CD8, FOXP3, MHC-I, CD68, and CD163 antibodies: stromal immune cell counts (mainly T lymphocytes and macrophages) were significantly higher in polypoid lesions. Certain markers displayed significant size-related differences regardless of lesion morphology. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that the marker panel clearly discriminated between precancerous lesions of different morphologies and sizes. Statistical analysis of immunostained cell counts fully support the results of the transcriptomic data analysis: the density of infiltration of most immune cells in the stroma of polypoid precancerous lesions was significantly higher than that observed in nonpolypoid lesions. Large neoplasms also have more immune cells in their stroma than small lesions. Immunoediting in precancerous colorectal tumors may vary with lesion morphology and stage of development, and this variability could influence a given lesion's trajectory to cancer.
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