ArticleNucleic acids research2016
APOBEC3 proteins can copackage and comutate HIV-1 genomes.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Inhibitory Factors Act in the Late Phase of HIV-1 Replication: a Systematic Review of the Literature.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2018Pooled it
- Article
- HIV-1 and HIV-2 interaction results in reduced cell infectivity and viral replication in vitro.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Variability in HIV-1 transmitted/founder virus susceptibility to combined APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G host restriction.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanism for regulating APOBEC3G DNA editing function by the non-catalytic domain.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Structural insights into PPP2R5A degradation by HIV-1 Vif.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2024Article
- Single-Virion Analysis: A Method to Visualize HIV-1 Particle Content Using Fluorescence Microscopy.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Article
- APOBEC3 degradation is the primary function of HIV-1 Vif for virus replication in the myeloid cell line THP-1.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Review
- Article
- Deaminase-Independent Mode of Antiretroviral Action in Human and Mouse APOBEC3 Proteins.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- The Role of APOBECs in Viral Replication.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Review
- Deamination hotspots among APOBEC3 family members are defined by both target site sequence context and ssDNA secondary structure.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- An Alu Element Insertion in Intron 1 Results in Aberrant Alternative Splicing of APOBEC3G Pre-mRNA in Northern Pig-Tailed Macaques (Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Coronavirus genomes carry the signatures of their habitats.PloS one · 2020Article
- Article
- Structural Determinants of the APOBEC3G N-Terminal Domain for HIV-1 RNA Association.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases A3G, A3F, A3D and A3H are packaged into virions and inhibit viral replication by inducing G-to-A hypermutation, it is not known whether they are copackaged and whether they can act additively or synergistically to inhibit HIV-1 replication. Here, we showed that APOBEC3 proteins can be copackaged by visualization of fluorescently-tagged APOBEC3 proteins using single-virion fluorescence microscopy. We further determined that viruses produced in the presence of A3G + A3F and A3G + A3H, exhibited extensive comutation of viral cDNA, as determined by the frequency of G-to-A mutations in the proviral genomes in the contexts of A3G (GG-to-AG) and A3D, A3F or A3H (GA-to-AA) edited sites. The copackaging of A3G + A3F and A3G + A3H resulted in an additive increase and a modest synergistic increase (1.8-fold) in the frequency of GA-to-AA mutations, respectively. We also identified distinct editing site trinucleotide sequence contexts for each APOBEC3 protein and used them to show that hypermutation of proviral DNAs from seven patients was induced by A3G, A3F (or A3H), A3D and A3G + A3F (or A3H). These results indicate that APOBEC3 proteins can be copackaged and can comutate the same genomes, and can cooperate to inhibit HIV replication.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.