ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2016
Age at menarche, androgen concentrations, and midlife obesity: findings from the Midlife Women's Health Study.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenols, Parabens, Phthalates and Puberty: a Systematic Review of Synthetic Chemicals Commonly Found in Personal Care Products and Girls' Pubertal Development.Current environmental health reports · 2022Pooled it
- Association of the Age at Menarche with Site-Specific Cancer Risks in Pooled Data from Nine Cohorts.Cancer research · 2021Pooled it
- Age at menarche and general and abdominal obesity in older Brazilian women: ELSI-Brazil.Revista de saude publica · 2026Article
- Associations between female reproductive factors and osteoarthritis in women ≥ 50 years old: An NHANES 1999-2018 analysis of more than 10,000 women.Immunologic research · 2025Article
- Family Functioning and Pubertal Maturation in Hispanic/Latino Children from the HCHS/SOL Youth.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Early puberty: a review on its role as a risk factor for metabolic and mental disorders.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Article
- Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and serum hormone levels in pre- and perimenopausal women from the Midlife Women's Health Study.Environment international · 2021Article
- Influence of Childhood Adversity and Infection on Timing of Menarche in a Multiethnic Sample of Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Childhood Adversity and Pubertal Development Among Puerto Rican Boys and Girls.Psychosomatic medicine · 2020Article
- Age at menarche and adult body mass index: a Mendelian randomization study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Article
- The Midlife Women's Health Study - a study protocol of a longitudinal prospective study on predictors of menopausal hot flashes.Women's midlife health · 2017Article
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3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveStudies have shown that earlier age at menarche is associated with a higher risk of midlife obesity; however, the mechanism underlying this association is not known. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the association between age at menarche and midlife obesity is due to variation in circulating androgen concentrations.
methodsBaseline data were analyzed from 748 women aged 45 to 54 years enrolled in the Midlife Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort study conducted in the Baltimore, MD region. Information on age at menarche was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using height and weight measured at a clinic visit. Obesity was defined as a BMI between 30 and 34.9 kg/m; super obesity was defined as a BMI greater than 35 kg/m. Testosterone, estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured in blood samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The free androgen index (FAI) was calculated using the formula: (testosterone × 3.467)/sex hormone-binding globulin × 100.
resultsAfter adjustment for covariates, for each year increase in age at menarche, the odds of obesity and super obesity decreased by 31% (odds ratio (OR) 0.69; 95% confidence limits (CL) 0.59, 0.81) and 34% (OR 0.66; 95% CL 0.52, 0.83), respectively. Addition of the FAI into the models did not attenuate the observed estimates.
conclusionsThe results of this study indicate that age at menarche is associated with midlife obesity independent of free testosterone concentrations measured in adulthood.
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