Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27432992›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

Neurodevelopmental origins of lifespan changes in brain and cognition.

Kristine B Walhovd, Stine K Krogsrud, Inge K Amlien, Hauke Bartsch, Atle Bjørnerud, Paulina Due-Tønnessen, Håkon Grydeland, Donald J Hagler, Asta K Håberg, William S Kremen and 12 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
112citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

112 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Cerebral cortical structures linked to intelligence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  17. A lifespan perspective on cognitive reserve and risk for dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Kristine B WalhovdResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway; Unit of Neuropsychology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; k.b.walhovd@psykologi.uio.no.
Stine K KrogsrudResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway;
Inge K AmlienResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway;ORCID 0000-0002-8508-9088
Hauke BartschDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
Atle BjørnerudResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway; The Interventional Centre, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
Paulina Due-TønnessenResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway; Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
Håkon GrydelandResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway;
Donald J HaglerDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
Asta K HåbergDepartment of Medical Imaging, St. Olav's Hospital, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
William S KremenDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093;
Lia FerschmannResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway;
Lars NybergResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway; Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, SE-01 87 Umeå, Sweden;
Matthew S PanizzonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
Darius A RohaniResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway;
Jon SkranesDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
Andreas B StorsveResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway;
Anne Elisabeth SølsnesDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
Christian K TamnesResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway;
Wesley K ThompsonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark;
Chase ReuterDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
Anders M DaleDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
Anders M FjellResearch Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway; Unit of Neuropsychology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;

Funding

The VETSA Longitudinal Twin Study of Cognition and Aging (VETSA 4)R01AG050595 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELMAN, JEREMY A, FRANZ, CAROL ELAINE · 2015 to 2024
$28.0M
Gene-Environment Interactions in an Autism Birth CohortU01NS047537 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI LIPKIN, W. IAN · 2003 to 2013
$27.0M
The VETSA Longitudinal MRI Twin Study of AgingR01AG022381 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2003 to 2019
$22.3M
The VETSA longitudinal twin study of cognition and agingR01AG018386 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2002 to 2012
$9.7M
Testosterone-Androgen Receptor Genetics: Role in Cognitive and Biological AgingK08AG047903 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI PANIZZON, MATTHEW S · 2014 to 2017
$452k
European Research CouncilNIA NIH HHS K08 AG047903NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018386NIA NIH HHS R01 AG022381NIA NIH HHS R01 AG050595NIEHS NIH HHS N01 ES075558NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS047537
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neurodevelopmental origins of functional variation in older age are increasingly being acknowledged, but identification of how early factors impact human brain and cognition throughout life has remained challenging. Much focus has been on age-specific mechanisms affecting neural foundations of cognition and their change. In contrast to this approach, we tested whether cerebral correlates of general cognitive ability (GCA) in development could be extended to the rest of the lifespan, and whether early factors traceable to prenatal stages, such as birth weight and parental education, may exert continuous influences. We measured the area of the cerebral cortex in a longitudinal sample of 974 individuals aged 4-88 y (1,633 observations). An extensive cortical region was identified wherein area related positively to GCA in development. By tracking area of the cortical region identified in the child sample throughout the lifespan, we showed that the cortical change trajectories of higher and lower GCA groups were parallel through life, suggesting continued influences of early life factors. Birth weight and parental education obtained from the Norwegian Mother-Child Cohort study were identified as such early factors of possible life-long influence. Support for a genetic component was obtained in a separate twin sample (Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging), but birth weight in the child sample had an effect on cortical area also when controlling for possible genetic differences in terms of parental height. Our results provide novel evidence for stability in brain-cognition relationships throughout life, and indicate that early life factors impact brain and cognition for the entire life course.

Indexed as

CognitionAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBirth WeightCerebral CortexChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMother-Child RelationsYoung Adultagingcortical changedevelopment

Identifiers

PMID27432992
PMCPMC4995982

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.