Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27431232›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2016

Fullerene Derivatives Strongly Inhibit HIV-1 Replication by Affecting Virus Maturation without Impairing Protease Activity.

Zachary S Martinez, Edison Castro, Chang-Soo Seong, Maira R Cerón, Luis Echegoyen, Manuel Llano

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  5. Recent Advances in Carbon-Based Electrodes for Energy Storage and Conversion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Progress in Antiviral Fullerene Research.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  8. Novel CMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Progress in Diamanes and Diamanoids Nanosystems for Emerging Technologies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022
    Review
  11. Article
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  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Nanotechnology-based antiviral therapeutics.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Pristine CNeurochemical research · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zachary S MartinezDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA.
Edison CastroDepartment of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA.
Chang-Soo SeongDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA.
Maira R CerónDepartment of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA.
Luis EchegoyenDepartment of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA echegoyen@utep.edu mllano@utep.edu.
Manuel LlanoDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA echegoyen@utep.edu mllano@utep.edu.
The University of Texas at El Paso · US

Funding

TOXICOLOGY PROJECTG12RR008124 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS EL PASO · PI WALSH, ELIZABETH J · 1992 to 2011
$20.8M
TCCG12MD007592 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS EL PASO · PI KIRKEN, ROBERT A. · 2012 to 2018
$19.4M
Regulation of the HIV cofactor activity of LEDGF/p75 by interacting proteinsSC1AI098238 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS EL PASO · PI LLANO, MANUEL · 2011 to 2014
$1.4M
NCRR NIH HHS G12 RR008124NIAID NIH HHS SC1 AI098238NIMHD NIH HHS G12 MD007592
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Three compounds (1, 2, and 3) previously reported to inhibit HIV-1 replication and/or in vitro activity of reverse transcriptase were studied, but only fullerene derivatives 1 and 2 showed strong antiviral activity on the replication of HIV-1 in human CD4(+) T cells. However, these compounds did not inhibit infection by single-round infection vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G (VSV-G)-pseudotyped viruses, indicating no effect on the early steps of the viral life cycle. In contrast, analysis of single-round infection VSV-G-pseudotyped HIV-1 produced in the presence of compound 1 or 2 showed a complete lack of infectivity in human CD4(+) T cells, suggesting that the late stages of the HIV-1 life cycle were affected. Quantification of virion-associated viral RNA and p24 indicates that RNA packaging and viral production were unremarkable in these viruses. However, Gag and Gag-Pol processing was affected, as evidenced by immunoblot analysis with an anti-p24 antibody and the measurement of virion-associated reverse transcriptase activity, ratifying the effect of the fullerene derivatives on virion maturation of the HIV-1 life cycle. Surprisingly, fullerenes 1 and 2 did not inhibit HIV-1 protease in an in vitro assay at the doses that potently blocked viral infectivity, suggesting a protease-independent mechanism of action. Highlighting the potential therapeutic relevance of fullerene derivatives, these compounds block infection by HIV-1 resistant to protease and maturation inhibitors.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCells, CulturedCell SurvivalDrug Resistance, ViralFullerenesgag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV-1HIV Core Protein p24HIV Protease InhibitorsHumansVirionVirus ReplicationAnti-HIV AgentsFullerenesgag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV Core Protein p24HIV Protease Inhibitorsp24 protein, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Identifiers

PMID27431232
PMCPMC5038267
OpenAlexW2493814889

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.