ArticleBMC oral health2016
Developmental defects of enamel in primary teeth - findings of a regional German birth cohort study.
Article in BMC oral health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence of hypomineralised second primary molars: an updated systematic review with a meta-analysis.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Pooled it
- Prenatal, perinatal and postnatal events associated with hypomineralized second primary molar: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Pooled it
- Developmental enamel defects and hypomineralized second primary molars among preschool children in Kuwait: associations with caries severity and oral health-related quality of life.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Presumptive Bilirubin-Related Chlorodontia and Developmental Enamel Defects of the Primary Dentition in an Extremely Preterm Infant: A Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Enamel Defects Among Orphanage Children: A Multi-Country Case-Control Study.International dental journal · 2026Article
- Oral Health Conditions of Preschool Children Among Birth Cohort Studies: A Scoping Review.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2025Article
- Why do my patients still have early childhood caries? a critical appraisal.Brazilian oral research · 2025Review
- Associations between enamel defects and caries in patients with Down syndrome compared with normotypic patients.Brazilian oral research · 2025Article
- Natal factors affecting developmental defects of enamel in preterm infants: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Path Analysis of the Relationships between the Eruption Time of the First Primary Teeth and Various Factors in Twins.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- RANTES and developmental defects of enamel in children: A Brazilian prenatal cohort (BRISA).PloS one · 2023Article
- Relationship between preterm, low birth weight, and development defects of enamel in the primary dentition: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Review
- Factors and Mechanisms Involved in Acquired Developmental Defects of Enamel: A Scoping Review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Oral health status of children and young adults with maple syrup urine disease in Turkey.BMC oral health · 2021Article
- Prevalence of hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) in Syrian preschool children.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2020Article
- Enamel defects and caries prevalence in preterm children aged 5-10 years in Dubai.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2020Article
- Influence of tenofovir exposure in utero on primary dentition.European journal of pediatrics · 2020Observational
- Developmental defects of enamel in primary teeth: highly prevalent, unevenly distributed in the oral cavity and not associated with birth weight.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2019Article
- Effectiveness of an oral health intervention program for children with congenital heart defects.BMC oral health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim was to assess the prevalence, distribution and associated risk factors of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in 3-year-old Thuringian children in 2013 as part of a prospective cohort study.
methodsThe subjects (n = 377) were all participants in a Thuringian oral health programme. Children of the birth cohort 2009/2010 were invited to dental examination in the first year of life, followed up with continuous dental care over the next 3 years. Dental caries was scored using the WHO diagnostic criteria expanded to the d1-level without radiography. Enamel defects were assessed according to the modified DDE Index. Data were analysed statistically (multivariate logistic regression).
resultsThe children were aged 3.3 ± 0.7 years and 52.5 % of them were male. Caries prevalence was 15.6 % and caries experience 0.9 ± 3.3 d1-4mfs. The prevalence of DDE was 5.3 % with an average of 2.7 (±1.4) affected teeth. Second primary molars were the most affected teeth and demarcated opacities the most prevalent type. No child had Amelogenesis imperfecta and six children showed hypomineralised second primary molars. Enamel defects were associated with preterm birth (p = 0.024; OR = 4.9) and hospitalisation in the first year of life (p = 0.013; OR = 4.6).
conclusionA relatively small proportion of 3-year-old Thuringian children suffered from DDE, with second primary molars as the most affected teeth and demarcated opacities as the most prevalent type of defect. Preterm birth and hospitalisation in first year of life can be considered as risk factors for DDE in the primary dentition.
trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00003438.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.