ArticleBMC oral health2016
Salivary pellets induce a pro-inflammatory response involving the TLR4-NF-kB pathway in gingival fibroblasts.
Article in BMC oral health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression of LncRNAs in anterior capsule of lens in patients with pathologic myopia complicated with cataract.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Effects of the Saliva of Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment with Invisalign and Brackets on Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Oral Epithelial Cells.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Enamel Matrix Derivative Suppresses Chemokine Expression in Oral Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- TGF-β Signalling Mediates the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Enamel Matrix Derivative In Vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Extracellular CIRP Induces an Inflammatory Phenotype in Pulmonary FibroblastsFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Effects of Saliva From Periodontally Healthy and Diseased Subjects on Barrier Function and the Inflammatory Response inFrontiers in oral health · 2021Article
- [Mechanism ofNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2020Article
- Astragaloside IV Alleviates the Myocardial Damage Induced by Lipopolysaccharide via the Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4)/Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB)/Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα) Signaling Pathway.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2019Article
- Thymol mitigates lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis by regulating the TLR4- and ROS-mediated NF-κB signaling pathways.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Advances of Salivary Proteomics in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) Detection: An Update.Proteomes · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhole saliva provokes a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts. This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
methodsWe examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays. Protein composition was determined with proteomic analysis. Endotoxins were analyzed by a Limulus assay and removed by affinity chromatography. The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively. Western blot was performed to detect phosphorylated p65.
resultsThe experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability. Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets. Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65. BAY11-7082 suppressed chemokine expression in response to the salivary pellets. Autoclaving salivary pellets also reduced their pro-inflammatory activity.
conclusionsThe data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets. Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
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