ArticleAmerican journal of cancer research2016
Association of human papillomavirus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis co-infections on the risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesion.
Article in American journal of cancer research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between human herpesvirus infection and cervical carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Virology journal · 2023Pooled it
- Trichomonas vaginalis infection and risk of cervical neoplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Brazil: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Cervical Cancer Induction Enhancement Potential of Chlamydia Trachomatis: A Systematic Review.Current microbiology · 2018Pooled it
- Human papillomavirus genotype distribution and factors associated among female sex workers in West Africa.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I and Class II Polymorphisms and Serum Cytokine Profiles in Cervical Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Trial
- Head-to-head comparison of the MyGene human papillomavirus-sexually transmitted infection assay versus the Cobas 4800 human papillomavirus test for detecting high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Co-managing the double burden: strategies for simultaneously tackling infectious and non-communicable diseases.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Article
- The Influence of Sexually Transmitted Bacteria and Human Papillomavirus on Sperm Parameters: Data from a Preliminary Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Clinical Manifestations and Associated Disease States withOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Risk of cancer among individuals with a history of bacterial sexually transmitted infections: A population-based study in Alberta, Canada.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- A Holistic Framework for Cervical Cancer Screening and Risk Stratification: Integrating Etiology, Morphology, Epigenetics, and Microecology.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
- Interactions of Mycoplasma genitalium (Mg) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among couples.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Investigation of the Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus, Human Herpesvirus-8, and Herpes Simplex Virus-2 in Cervical Biopsy Samples Using the Real-Time PCR Method.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Human Papillomavirus and Other Relevant Issues in Cervical Cancer Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- HPV and co-infections: impacts on semen inflammation, oxidative stress, and sperm quality.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Type-specific human papillomavirus prevalence in women referred for colposcopy in Tehran.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Investigating oral human papillomavirus co-infection withEpidemiology and infection · 2024Article
- Genital infections in high-risk human papillomavirus positive Paraguayan women aged 30-64 with and without cervical lesions.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The link between high-risk human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the risk of developing cervical cancer still unclear. Thus, in this report we investigated the rates of co-infections between HPV and other important non-HPV STDs in different cervical findings using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) to simultaneously detect Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, HSV-1 and -2, and Treponema pallidum. A total of 838 women aged 18 to 68 years were screened using Papanicolaou smears for cervical abnormalities, HPV and non-HPV STDs using PCR and M-PCR methods. A total of 614 (73.3%) of the women had normal cytology (NILM) and 224 (26.7%) women exhibited abnormal cytology (≥ ASC-US). HPV-DNA prevalence was 33.9%, and HPV-16 was the most prevalent genotype in women with NILM and ≥ ASC-US cytology. Non-HPV STDs were detected in 30.4% women and T. vaginalis was the most prevalent one (11.6%). A higher increased risk of ≥ ASC-US and HSIL occurred in co-infections of HR-HPV with C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae. Co-infections of HPV-DNA and HR-HPV with HSV-2 exhibited a similar increased risk but only with ≥ ASC-US. Co-infections of HPV-DNA and HR-HPV with T. vaginalis demonstrated a similar increased risk of ≥ ASC-US and HSIL. We found that C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae were the primary pathogens associated with HR-HPV for the increased risk for all grades of cervical abnormalities but mainly for HSIL, suggesting a possible synergistic action in cervical lesions progression. Our results reinforce the hypothesis that some non-HPV STDs might play a role as co-factors in HPV-mediated cervical carcinogenesis. These data improve our understanding of the etiology of SCC and may also be useful for disease prevention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
27429850PMC4937739W2494529697What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.