ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2016
Transgender Women in Clinical Trials of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- TransPrEP: Results from the Pilot Study of a Social Network-Based Intervention to Support PrEP Adherence Among Transgender Women in Lima, Peru.AIDS and behavior · 2021Trial
- Plasma and intracellular pharmacokinetics of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine in transgender women receiving feminizing hormone therapy.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Trial
- Barriers and Facilitators to PrEP Adherence among Transgender and Non-binary Individuals: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Psychosocial Factors and Health Belief Model Constructs.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Are Rights-Based Services Important? An Adolescent PrEP Demonstration Project in Brazil.Health and human rights · 2024Article
- Barriers to Accessing and Engaging in HIV Preventive Care and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Experienced by Transgender Women in Florida.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Mapping Community-Engaged Implementation Strategies with Transgender Scientists, Stakeholders, and Trans-Led Community Organizations.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- PrEP Use and Adherence among Transgender Persons in Chicago, IL (SHIPP Study, 2014-2018, USA).AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Inclusion of Transgender and Gender Diverse People in Phase III Trials: Examples from HIV Pharmacologic Prevention Studies.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2023Review
- Observational
- Differentiated HIV services for transgender people in four South African districts: population characteristics and HIV care cascade.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- Improved PrEP Awareness and Use among Trans Women in San Francisco, California.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- How Has HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Changed Sex? A Review of Research in a New Era of Bio-behavioral HIV Prevention.Journal of sex research · 2021Review
- Young Transgender Women of Color: Homelessness, Poverty, Childhood Sexual Abuse and Implications for HIV Care.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV Infection in Cisgender and Transgender Women in the U.S.: A Narrative Review of the Literature.Archives of sexual behavior · 2021Review
- Article
- Disparities in the PrEP continuum for trans women compared to MSM in San Francisco, California: results from population-based cross-sectional behavioural surveillance studies.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Article
- Characterizing PrEP Awareness and Interest Among Filipina Transgender Women.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2020Article
- A Promising PrEP Navigation Intervention for Transgender Women and Men Who Have Sex with Men Experiencing Multiple Syndemic Health Disparities.Journal of community health · 2019Article
- American Cohort to Study HIV Acquisition Among Transgender Women in High-Risk Areas (The LITE Study): Protocol for a Multisite Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern and Southern United States.JMIR research protocols · 2019Article
- Optimizing HIV prevention and care for transgender adults.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Lessons were learned with trans women who participated (as volunteers and investigators) in trials of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Trans women are not men. Compared with men who have sex with men, trans women trial participants were more likely to be involved with transactional sex, had more sexual partners, and were less likely to have PrEP medications detected in blood. Trans women define themselves differently in different cultures. One best practice is to ask at least 2 gender questions: sex assigned at birth and current gender. More information is needed to fully situate PrEP efficacy for trans women, including analysis of drug-drug interactions between PrEP medications and feminizing hormones and PrEP drug penetration into neovaginal tissues. Including trans women in studies is helpful only if their participation is specifically reported, as could occur in a table of baseline characteristics of the enrolled cohort. Gender-affirming care is important to foster appropriate uptake and use of PrEP. Such care includes use of preferred pronouns and names, safety to use the bathroom of choice, and access to gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery. The consistent finding that PrEP works when taken across diverse populations having diverse practices related to gender, sexual intercourse, and hormone use provides a basis for offering PrEP to people at substantial risk of acquiring HIV although some subgroups may not have been fully represented in trials. Nonetheless, specific PrEP implementation science for trans women (and men) is essential to develop best practices for PrEP delivery and use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.