ReviewLancet (London, England)2016
Prevention of transmission of HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis in prisoners.
Review in Lancet (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 104 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 202 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C among prison inmates in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions to reduce harms related to drug use among people who experience incarceration: systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Public health · 2024Pooled it
- Epidemiology of injecting drug use, prevalence of injecting-related harm, and exposure to behavioural and environmental risks among people who inject drugs: a systematic review.The Lancet. Global health · 2023Pooled it
- The global and regional prevalence of hepatitis C and B co-infections among prisoners living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2021Pooled it
- Hepatitis B virus infection among people who use drugs in Iran: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trend analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2020Pooled it
- Vaccination Coverage among Prisoners: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Prevalence of overweight/obesity among the adult population in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- Incarceration history and risk of HIV and hepatitis C virus acquisition among people who inject drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Safer tattooing interventions in prisons: a systematic review and call to action.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Dynamic Models of Infectious Disease Transmission in Prisons and the General Population.Epidemiologic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Active Case Finding for Communicable Diseases in Prison Settings: Increasing Testing Coverage and Uptake Among the Prison Population in the European Union/European Economic Area.Epidemiologic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Age-Specific Global Prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, and Tuberculosis Among Incarcerated People: A Systematic Review.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Hepatitis B/C in the countries of the EU/EEA: a systematic review of the prevalence among at-risk groups.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Global prevalence of injecting drug use and sociodemographic characteristics and prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV in people who inject drugs: a multistage systematic review.The Lancet. Global health · 2017Pooled it
- Incarceration history, antiretroviral therapy, and stigma: A cross-sectional study of people with HIV who inject drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Trial
- Design and implementation of a factorial randomized controlled trial of methadone maintenance therapy and an evidence-based behavioral intervention for incarcerated people living with HIV and opioid dependence in Malaysia.Contemporary clinical trials · 2017Trial
- Prevalence of and factors associated with psychoactive substance use among people in prisons: A multi-centre, cross-sectional study in India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Factors Associated With Adult Incarceration Among People With Opioid Use Disorder in New South Wales, Australia.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Mass hepatitis C virus screening among persons in custody in Hong Kong: a modelling cost-effectiveness analysis based on a prospective cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Probation as a targeted entry point for scaling up opioid agonist therapies in Moldova using a modified screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment strategy.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 9 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis are higher in prisons than in the general population in most countries worldwide. Prisons have emerged as a risk environment for these infections to be further concentrated, amplified, and then transmitted to the community after prisoners are released. In the absence of alternatives to incarceration, prisons and detention facilities could be leveraged to promote primary and secondary prevention strategies for these infections to improve prisoners health and reduce risk throughout incarceration and on release. Effective treatment of opioid use disorders with opioid agonist therapies (eg, methadone and buprenorphine) prevents blood-borne infections via reductions in injection in prison and after release. However, large gaps exist in the implementation of these strategies across all regions. Collaboration between the criminal justice and public health systems will be required for successful implementation of these strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.