ArticleHormones and behavior2016
Gestational hormone profiles predict human maternal behavior at 1-year postpartum.
Article in Hormones and behavior, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- QTc Interval Changes in Preeclampsia vs. Normal Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Do Parental Hormone Levels Synchronize During the Prenatal and Postpartum Periods? A Systematic Review.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- Neural circuits for mammalian parental behaviour.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Measuring emotion dysregulation in pregnancy using smartphone activity: a prospective research study in the United States.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Biological and behavioral pathways from prenatal depression to offspring cardiometabolic risk: Testing the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis.Developmental psychology · 2024Review
- Pregnancy-induced oxidative stress and inflammation are not associated with impaired maternal neuronal activity or memory function.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2024Article
- Relationships Among Number of Stressors, Perceived Stress, and Salivary Cortisol Levels During the Third Trimester of Pregnancy.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 2024Article
- The transition to motherhood: linking hormones, brain and behaviour.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2023Review
- Hormonal and behavioral responses to an infant simulator in women with and without children.Developmental psychobiology · 2022Article
- Maternal caregiving ameliorates the consequences of prenatal maternal psychological distress on child development.Development and psychopathology · 2022Article
- Psychoneuroimmunology in the context of perinatal depression - Tools for improved clinical practice.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Fetal sex and maternal postpartum depressive symptoms: findings from two prospective pregnancy cohorts.Biology of sex differences · 2021Article
- Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants.Development and psychopathology · 2020Review
- Hypothalamic Gene Expression and Postpartum Behavior in a Genetic Rat Model of Depression.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Article
- Resilience priming: Translational models for understanding resiliency and adaptation to early life adversity.Developmental psychobiology · 2019Review
- Maternal programming: Application of a developmental psychopathology perspective.Development and psychopathology · 2018Review
- A longitudinal study of women's depression symptom profiles during and after the postpartum phase.Depression and anxiety · 2018Article
- Prenatal maternal cortisol concentrations predict neurodevelopment in middle childhood.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In many non-human species, including primates, gestational reproductive hormones play an essential role in the onset of maternal motivation and behaviors. We investigated the associations between prepartum estradiol and progesterone and maternal behavior at 1-year postpartum in 177 women. Blood was obtained at five gestational time points and an index of quality of maternal care was determined using a well-validated mother-child interaction protocol. Women who exhibited higher quality maternal care at 1-year postpartum were characterized by unique gestational profiles of estradiol, progesterone and the estrogen to progesterone ratio; specifically by slower accelerations and levels of these hormone trajectories beginning in midgestation. Further, it appeared that both fetal sex and parity moderated these findings, with first time mothers and mothers of females showing stronger associations. In sum, these data document persisting associations between prepartum hormone profiles and human maternal behavior. More broadly, these findings add to the growing literature highlighting the perinatal period as one of critical neurodevelopment in the lifespan of the human female.
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