Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27425887›Full record

ReviewNeurobiology of disease2017

The blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease.

Elena Zenaro, Gennj Piacentino, Gabriela Constantin

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neurobiology of disease, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 417 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
417citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
25.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

417 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 732 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Review
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  7. Review
  8. Beyond Histamine Blockade: Clemastine Fumarate as a Promoter of Myelin Regeneration, Inflammatory Regulation, and Neuroimmune Modulation in CNS Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Simultaneous measurement of water transport across the blood-brain and blood-CSF barrier in the human brain with arterial spin labeling MRI.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
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357 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Elena ZenaroDepartment of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Gennj PiacentinoDepartment of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Gabriela ConstantinDepartment of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy. Electronic address: gabriela.constantin@univr.it.
University of Verona · IT

Funding

European Research Council 261079
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the pathological accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated neuronal tau protein. AD pathology is also characterized by chronic brain inflammation, which promotes disease pathogenesis. In this context, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a highly specialized endothelial cell membrane that lines cerebral microvessels, represents the interface between neural cells and circulating cells of the immune system. The BBB thus plays a key role in the generation and maintenance of chronic inflammation during AD. The BBB operates within the neurovascular unit (NVU), which includes clusters of glial cells, neurons and pericytes. The NVU becomes dysfunctional during AD, and each of its components may undergo functional changes that contribute to neuronal injury and cognitive deficit. In transgenic animals with AD-like pathology, recent studies have shown that circulating leukocytes migrate through the activated brain endothelium when certain adhesion molecules are expressed, penetrating into the brain parenchyma, interacting with the NVU components and potentially affecting their structural integrity and functionality. Therefore, migrating immune system cells in cerebral vessels act in concert with the modified BBB and may be integrated into the dysfunctional NVU. Notably, blocking the adhesion mechanisms controlling leukocyte-endothelial interactions inhibits both Aβ deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation, and reduces memory loss in AD models. The characterization of molecular mechanisms controlling vascular inflammation and leukocyte trafficking could therefore help to determine the basis of BBB dysfunction during AD and may lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAnimalsBlood-Brain BarrierHumansAlzheimer's diseaseBlood–brain barrierImmune system cellsLeukocyte traffickingNeurovascular unitVascular inflammation

Identifiers

PMID27425887
PMCPMC5600438
OpenAlexW2471197622

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.