Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2016
Cross-education of wrist extensor strength is not influenced by non-dominant training in right-handers.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is there evidence for the asymmetrical transfer of strength to an untrained limb?European journal of applied physiology · 2024Pooled it
- Muscle Activity and Activation in Previously Strain-Injured Lower Limbs: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Pooled it
- Determining the Sites of Neural Adaptations to Resistance Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- Cross-education of muscular strength following unilateral resistance training: a meta-analysis.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Resistance training tempo selectively modulates corticospinal and reticulospinal excitability in humans.The Journal of physiology · 2026Trial
- Anodal tDCS improves neuromuscular adaptations to short-term resistance training of the knee extensors in healthy individuals.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Trial
- Can the cross-education of strength attenuate the impact of detraining after a period of strength training? A quasi-randomized trial.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Trial
- Effects of Alternating Bilateral Training Between Non-Paretic and Paretic Upper Limbs in Patients with Hemiparetic Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2022Trial
- Lack of Evidence for Non-Local Muscle Fatigue and Performance Enhancement in Young Adults.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2021Trial
- Tracking the corticospinal responses to strength training.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Trial
- The ipsilateral corticospinal responses to cross-education are dependent upon the motor-training intervention.Experimental brain research · 2018Trial
- The corticospinal responses of metronome-paced, but not self-paced strength training are similar to motor skill training.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Trial
- Adaptations in corticospinal excitability and inhibition are not spatially confined to the agonist muscle following strength training.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Trial
- Cross-education of muscular strength is facilitated by homeostatic plasticity.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Trial
- Novel evidence of age-related cortical and subcortical constraints in cross-education.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Age-related differences in corticospinal and reticulospinal adaptations to short-term strength training.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Early-Phase and Cross-Education Adaptations Following Very Short-Term Unilateral Isokinetic Forearm Extension and Flexion Training in Untrained Women.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cross-Education of Strength: From Theory to Practice in Contemporary Sports Rehabilitation-A Narrative Review and Clinical Implications.Sports medicine - open · 2025Review
- Corticospinal drive modulation to agonist and antagonist arm muscles following strength training and detraining.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeCross-education of strength has been proposed to be greater when completed by the dominant limb in right handed humans. We investigated whether the direction of cross-education of strength and corticospinal plasticity are different following right or left limb strength training in right-handed participants.
methodsChanges in strength, muscle thickness and indices of corticospinal plasticity were analyzed in 23 adults who were exposed to 3-weeks of either right-hand strength training (RHT) or left-hand strength training (LHT).
resultsMaximum voluntary wrist extensor strength in both the trained and untrained limb increased, irrespective of which limb was trained, with TMS revealing reduced corticospinal inhibition.
conclusionsCross-education of strength was not limited by which limb was trained and reduced corticospinal inhibition was not just confined to the trained limb. Critically, from a behavioral perspective, the magnitude of cross-education was not limited by which limb was trained.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.