ReviewCNS drugs2016
New Pharmacological Agents to Aid Smoking Cessation and Tobacco Harm Reduction: What Has Been Investigated, and What Is in the Pipeline?
Review in CNS drugs, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding varenicline function via key receptor and ligand interactions.Cell reports. Physical science · 2025Article
- Synthesis of β-Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles and Their Application for Loading Cytisine and Its Phosphorus Derivative.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cytisine compared to combination nicotine replacement therapy to reduce cigarette consumption in relapsed smokers: protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2025Article
- Article
- The 2022 Ferno Award Address: CrEATE, an Efficient Crossover Evaluation of Addiction Treatment Efficacy.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Adolescent Cannabinoid and Nicotine Exposure Differentially Alters Adult Nicotine Self-Administration in Males and Females.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Oral esketamine for treatment-resistant depression: rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial.BMC psychiatry · 2019Article
- Managing nicotine without smoke to save lives now: Evidence for harm minimization.Preventive medicine · 2018Article
- Smoking cessation in pregnancy: a continuing challenge in the United States.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2018Review
- The messages presented in online electronic cigarette promotions and discussions: a scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2017Article
- Innovative approaches to support smoking cessation for individuals with mental illness and co-occurring substance use disorders.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2017Review
- Design, synthesis, and biological activity of 5'-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-3,3'-bipyridine analogues as potential antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2017Article
- Tobacco use disorder and treatment: new challenges and opportunities.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2017Review
- Correlates of Electronic Cigarettes Use Before and During Pregnancy.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017Article
- E-cigarettes in patients with COPD: current perspectives.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2017Review
- Current pharmacologic treatments for smoking cessation and new agents undergoing clinical trials.Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseaseReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A wide range of support is available to help smokers to quit and to aid attempts at harm reduction, including three first-line smoking cessation medications: nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline and bupropion. Despite the efficacy of these, there is a continual need to diversify the range of medications so that the needs of tobacco users are met. This paper compares the first-line smoking cessation medications with (1) two variants of these existing products: new galenic formulations of varenicline and novel nicotine delivery devices; and (2) 24 alternative products: cytisine (novel outside Central and Eastern Europe), nortriptyline, other tricyclic antidepressants, electronic cigarettes, clonidine (an anxiolytic), other anxiolytics (e.g. buspirone), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, supplements (e.g. St John's wort), silver acetate, Nicobrevin, modafinil, venlafaxine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), opioid antagonists, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonists, glucose tablets, selective cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonists, nicotine vaccines, drugs that affect gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transmission, drugs that affect N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, dopamine agonists (e.g. levodopa), pioglitazone (Actos; OMS405), noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors and the weight management drug lorcaserin. Six 'ESCUSE' criteria-relative efficacy, relative safety, relative cost, relative use (overall impact of effective medication use), relative scope (ability to serve new groups of patients) and relative ease of use-are used. Many of these products are in the early stages of clinical trials; however, cytisine looks most promising in having established efficacy and safety with low cost. Electronic cigarettes have become very popular, appear to be efficacious and are safer than smoking, but issues of continued dependence and possible harms need to be considered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.