ReviewMediators of inflammation2016
Cytokine and Growth Factor Activation In Vivo and In Vitro after Spinal Cord Injury.
Review in Mediators of inflammation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in the research of the role of macrophage/microglia polarization-mediated inflammatory response in spinal cord injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Experimental Treatments for Oedema in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cells · 2021Pooled it
- Psychological Distress and Biological Stress Markers After Spinal Cord Injury: A Longitudinal Multi-Omics Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Emerging role of copper in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Human umbilical cord plasma derived exosome changed the miRNAs expression and inhibits inflammation response in traumatic spinal cord Injury.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Spinal cord injury-derived exosomes exacerbate damage: miR-155-5p mediates inflammatory responses.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Exploring the role of cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1 and quercetin in modulating neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.Molecular medicine reports · 2026Article
- Regional anesthesia after spinal cord injury attenuates behavioral loss, hemorrhage, and cell death.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Relationship Between Neurologic Manifestations and Genetic Mutations in Wilson's Disease with Next-Generation Sequencing.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Review of the Potential Use of Antioxidants in Spinal Cord Injuries.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Tibolone Improves Motor Recovery and Regulates Neuroinflammation and Gliosis in a Model of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Rewiring the Spine-Cutting-Edge Stem Cell Therapies for Spinal Cord Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Mineral coated microparticles delivering Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10, and Interleukin-13 reduce inflammation and improve function after spinal cord injury in a rat.Experimental neurology · 2025Article
- Multifaceted Pathophysiology and Secondary Complications of Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: Focus on Pressure Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNA-21 in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Characterization of the Expressions and m6A Methylation Modification Patterns of mRNAs and lncRNAs in a Spinal Cord Injury Rat Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Regulatory effect of inflammatory mediators in spinal cord injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as a Therapeutic Option for Spinal Cord Injuries; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2025Review
- Exploration of Hub Genes and Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics Associated With Spinal Cord Injury in Mice.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Relcovaptan: a promising therapeutic agent in traumatic spinal cord injury that acts by modulating newly identified transcriptional regulators of aquaporins compared to tolvaptan.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spinal cord injury results in a life-disrupting series of deleterious interconnected mechanisms encompassed by the primary and secondary injury. These events are mediated by the upregulation of genes with roles in inflammation, transcription, and signaling proteins. In particular, cytokines and growth factors are signaling proteins that have important roles in the pathophysiology of SCI. The balance between the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of these molecules plays a critical role in the progression and outcome of the lesion. The excessive inflammatory Th1 and Th17 phenotypes observed after SCI tilt the scale towards a proinflammatory environment, which exacerbates the deleterious mechanisms present after the injury. These mechanisms include the disruption of the spinal cord blood barrier, edema and ion imbalance, in particular intracellular calcium and sodium concentrations, glutamate excitotoxicity, free radicals, and the inflammatory response contributing to the neurodegenerative process which is characterized by demyelination and apoptosis of neuronal tissue.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.