Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27417891›Full record

ArticlePsychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)2016

Patterns of Antipsychotic Prescribing by Physicians to Young Children.

Haiden A Huskamp, Marcela Horvitz-Lennon, Ernst R Berndt, Sharon-Lise T Normand, Julie M Donohue

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Long-term effects of adolescent risperidone treatment on the mouse cortex.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Most Second-Generation Antipsychotic Prescriptions in Community Practice Are Neither FDA-Approved nor Within Prescribing Guideline Recommendations.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2021
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Haiden A HuskampDr. Huskamp and Dr. Normand are with the Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston (e-mail: huskamp@hcp.med.harvard.edu ). Dr. Horvitz-Lennon is with the RAND Corporation, Boston. Dr. Berndt is with the MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Dr. Donohue is with the Health Policy and Management Department, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.
Marcela Horvitz-LennonDr. Huskamp and Dr. Normand are with the Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston (e-mail: huskamp@hcp.med.harvard.edu ). Dr. Horvitz-Lennon is with the RAND Corporation, Boston. Dr. Berndt is with the MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Dr. Donohue is with the Health Policy and Management Department, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.
Ernst R BerndtDr. Huskamp and Dr. Normand are with the Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston (e-mail: huskamp@hcp.med.harvard.edu ). Dr. Horvitz-Lennon is with the RAND Corporation, Boston. Dr. Berndt is with the MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Dr. Donohue is with the Health Policy and Management Department, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.
Sharon-Lise T NormandDr. Huskamp and Dr. Normand are with the Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston (e-mail: huskamp@hcp.med.harvard.edu ). Dr. Horvitz-Lennon is with the RAND Corporation, Boston. Dr. Berndt is with the MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Dr. Donohue is with the Health Policy and Management Department, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.
Julie M DonohueDr. Huskamp and Dr. Normand are with the Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston (e-mail: huskamp@hcp.med.harvard.edu ). Dr. Horvitz-Lennon is with the RAND Corporation, Boston. Dr. Berndt is with the MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Dr. Donohue is with the Health Policy and Management Department, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.

Funding

Influences on Psychiatrist Prescribing of AntipsychoticsR01MH093359 · NIMH · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI DONOHUE, JULIE MARIE, HUSKAMP, HAIDEN A. · 2012 to 2014
$1.6M
An In-Depth Investigation of Racial & Ethnic Disparities in Schizophrenia CareR01MH087488 · NIMH · RAND CORPORATION · PI HORVITZ-LENNON, MARCELA V, NORMAND, SHARON-LISE TERESA · 2010 to 2012
$1.6M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH087488NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH093359
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAntipsychotic use among young children has grown rapidly despite a lack of approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for broad use in this age group. Characteristics of physicians who prescribed antipsychotics to young children were identified, and prescribing patterns involving young children and adults were compared.

methodsPhysician-level prescribing data from IMS Health's Xponent database were linked with American Medical Association Masterfile data and analyzed. The sample included all U.S. psychiatrists and a random sample of 5% of family medicine physicians who wrote at least ten antipsychotic prescriptions per year from 2008 to 2011 (N=31,713). Logistic and hierarchical binomial regression models were estimated to examine physician prescribing for children ages zero to nine, and the types and numbers of ingredients used for children versus adults ages 20 to 64 were compared.

resultsAmong antipsychotic prescribers, 42.2% had written at least one antipsychotic prescription for young children. Such prescribing was more likely among physicians age ≤39 versus ≥60 (odds ratio [OR]=1.70) and physicians in rural versus nonrural areas (OR=1.11) and was less likely among males (OR=.93) and graduates of a top-25 versus a lower-ranked U.S. medical school (OR=.87). Among physicians who prescribed antipsychotics to young children and adults, 75.0% of prescriptions for children and 35.7% of those for adults were for drugs with an FDA-approved indication for that age. Fewer antipsychotic agents were prescribed for young children (median=2) versus adults (median=7).

conclusionsPrescribing antipsychotics for young children was relatively common, but prescribing patterns differed between young children and adults.

Indexed as

AdultAntipsychotic AgentsChildChild, PreschoolDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMental DisordersMiddle AgedPhysiciansPractice Patterns, Physicians'Sex FactorsUnited StatesYoung AdultAntipsychotic Agents

Identifiers

PMID27417891
PMCPMC5133161

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.