ArticleScientific reports2016
Tyrosine Hydroxylase is crucial for maintaining pupal tanning and immunity in Anopheles sinensis.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Structural and Evolutionary Relationships of Melanin Cascade Proteins in Cnidarian Innate Immunity.Integrative and comparative biology · 2024Article
- Analysis of geometric morphometrics and molecular phylogeny for Anopheles species in the Republic of Korea.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Gene coexpression network during ontogeny in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Mosquito gene targeted RNAi studies for vector control.Functional & integrative genomics · 2023Review
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- A life-and-death struggle: interaction of insects with entomopathogenic fungi across various infection stages.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
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- Tyrosine Hydroxylase and DOPA Decarboxylase Are Associated With Pupal Melanization During Larval-Pupal Transformation inFrontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Developmental Transcriptomics Reveals a Gene Network Driving Mimetic Color Variation in a Bumble Bee.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
- A vertebrate adaptive radiation is assembled from an ancient and disjunct spatiotemporal landscape.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Glyphosate inhibits melanization and increases susceptibility to infection in insects.PLoS biology · 2021Article
- RNAi-Mediated Suppression ofFrontiers in physiology · 2020Article
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- Melanization in response to wounding is ancestral in arthropods and conserved in albino cave species.Scientific reports · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the initial enzyme in the melanin pathway, catalyzes tyrosine conversion into Dopa. Although expression and regulation of TH have been shown to affect cuticle pigmentation in insects, no direct functional studies to date have focused on the specific physiological processes involving the enzyme during mosquito development. In the current study, silencing of AsTH during the time period of continuous high expression in Anopheles sinensis pupae led to significant impairment of cuticle tanning and thickness, imposing a severe obstacle to eclosion in adults. Meanwhile, deficiency of melanin in interference individuals led to suppression of melanization, compared to control individuals. Consequently, the ability to defend exogenous microorganisms declined sharply. Accompanying down-regulation of the basal expression of five antimicrobial peptide genes resulted in further significant weakening of immunity. TH homologs as well as the composition of upstream transcription factor binding sites at the pupal stage are highly conserved in the Anopheles genus, implying that the TH-mediated functions are crucial in Anopheles. The collective evidence strongly suggests that TH is essential for Anopheles pupae tanning and immunity and provides a reference for further studies to validate the utility of the key genes involved in the melanization pathway in controlling mosquito development.
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