ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology2016
Agonists and Antagonists of TGF-β Family Ligands.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interleukin-1 and Transforming Growth Factor Beta: Commonly Opposing, but Sometimes Supporting, Master Regulators of the Corneal Wound Healing Response to Injury.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Pooled it
- The crystal structure of the activin B:Fst288 complex and computational insights into the broad antagonistic activity and specificity of follistatin.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- The crystal structure of the activin B:Fst288 complex and computational insights into the broad antagonistic activity and specificity of follistatin.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Secreted Frizzled-related proteins in animal development.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2025Review
- Anti-Müllerian hormone binds heat shock protein glucose-regulated protein 78 in human follicular fluid.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Article
- The Role of Twisted Gastrulation 1 (TWSG1) Gene in TGF-β Signaling Linked to Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Review
- Extravillous trophoblasts reverse the decidualization induced increase in matrix production by secreting TGFβ antagonists Emilin-1 and Gremlin-1.Cells & development · 2025Article
- TGF-β inhibitors: the future for prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Central memory-enriched Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells via TGF-β expansion demonstrate enhancedFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Geroscience in heart failure: the search for therapeutic targets in the shared pathobiology of human aging and heart failure.The journal of cardiovascular aging · 2025Article
- Review
- Methyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin Restores Aberrant Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2-Signaling in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Obtained from Aged C57BL/6 Mice.Journal of developmental biology · 2024Article
- Targeting Soluble TGF-β Factors: Advances in Precision Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2024Review
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and TGF-β Superfamily Signaling: Focus on Sotatercept.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2024Review
- Smad4 is essential for epiblast scaling and morphogenesis after implantation, but nonessential before implantation.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- Armored TGFβRIIDN ROR1-CAR T cells reject solid tumors and resist suppression by constitutively-expressed and treatment-induced TGFβ1.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Unraveling the interplay: exploring signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer in the context of pancreatic embryogenesis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Addition of heparin binding sites strongly increases the bone forming capabilities of BMP9Bioactive materials · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The discovery of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family ligands and the realization that their bioactivities need to be tightly controlled temporally and spatially led to intensive research that has identified a multitude of extracellular modulators of TGF-β family ligands, uncovered their functions in developmental and pathophysiological processes, defined the mechanisms of their activities, and explored potential modulator-based therapeutic applications in treating human diseases. These studies revealed a diverse repertoire of extracellular and membrane-associated molecules that are capable of modulating TGF-β family signals via control of ligand availability, processing, ligand-receptor interaction, and receptor activation. These molecules include not only soluble ligand-binding proteins that were conventionally considered as agonists and antagonists of TGF-β family of growth factors, but also extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and proteoglycans that can serve as "sink" and control storage and release of both the TGF-β family ligands and their regulators. This extensive network of soluble and ECM modulators helps to ensure dynamic and cell-specific control of TGF-β family signals. This article reviews our knowledge of extracellular modulation of TGF-β growth factors by diverse proteins and their molecular mechanisms to regulate TGF-β family signaling.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.