ArticleScientific reports2016
IgG subclass switching and clonal expansion in cutaneous melanoma and normal skin.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Germinal center responses at barrier organ sites.Current opinion in immunology · 2026Review
- Phenotypic, functional, prognostic and predictive significance of B-cell and antibody responses in human melanoma: a scoping review.The British journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Skin Deep: Uncovering the Early Events of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus at the Tick-Host-Virus Interface.Viruses · 2026Review
- The multilayered identity of B cell memory.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- Mast cell release of TNF-α indirectly contributes to recalling B cells in the colorectal cancer milieu through the CCL20/CCR6 axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: spatiotemporal heterogeneity, immune orchestration, and translational opportunities.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- B cell extracellular vesicles influence melanoma response to immune checkpoint therapy.Science advances · 2025Article
- Profiling antigen-binding affinity of B cell repertoires in tumors by deep learning predicts immune-checkpoint inhibitor treatment outcomes.Nature cancer · 2025Article
- The Role of Cutaneous B-Cells in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: From Preclinical Evidence to Novel Targeted Therapies.Experimental dermatology · 2025Review
- Tertiary Lymphoid Organs at the Center Stage of Skin's Humoral Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Epidermal and Dermal T Cells Exhibit Distinct Proteomic Signatures.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Age-associated defect in ADCC response to COVID-19 vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Circulating immunoregulatory B cell and autoreactive antibody profiles predict lack of toxicity to anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor treatment in advanced melanoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
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- B cells recruitment promotes M2 macrophage polarization to inhibit inflammation during wound healing.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
23 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
B cells participate in immune surveillance in human circulation and tissues, including tumors such as melanoma. By contrast, the role of humoral responses in cutaneous immunity is underappreciated. We report circulating skin-homing CD22+CLA+B cells in healthy volunteers and melanoma patients (n = 73) and CD22+ cells in melanoma and normal skin samples (n = 189). Normal and malignant skin featured mature IgG and CD22 mRNA, alongside mRNA for the transiently-expressed enzyme Activation-induced cytidine Deaminase (AID). Gene expression analyses of publically-available data (n = 234 GEO, n = 384 TCGA) confirmed heightened humoral responses (CD20, CD22, AID) in melanoma. Analyses of 51 melanoma-associated and 29 normal skin-derived IgG sequence repertoires revealed lower IgG1/IgGtotal representation compared with antibodies from circulating B cells. Consistent with AID, comparable somatic hypermutation frequencies and class-switching indicated affinity-matured antibodies in normal and malignant skin. A melanoma-associated antibody subset featured shorter complementarity-determining (CDR3) regions relative to those from circulating B cells. Clonal amplification in melanoma-associated antibodies and homology modeling indicated differential potential antigen recognition profiles between normal skin and melanoma sequences, suggesting distinct antibody repertoires. Evidence for IgG-expressing B cells, class switching and antibody maturation in normal and malignant skin and clonally-expanded antibodies in melanoma, support the involvement of mature B cells in cutaneous immunity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.