ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2016
Treatment of primary Sjögren syndrome.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- British Society for Rheumatology guideline on management of adult and juvenile onset Sjögren disease.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Guideline
- Healthy Patients Are Not the Best Controls for Microbiome-Based Clinical Studies: Example of Sjögren's Syndrome in a Systematic Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- The Effectiveness and Safety of Total Glucosides of Paeony in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Pathogenesis-based treatments in primary Sjogren's syndrome using artificial intelligence and advanced machine learning techniques: a systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Pooled it
- Is hydroxychloroquine effective in treating primary Sjogren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2017Pooled it
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study on the effects of a cathepsin S inhibitor in primary Sjögren's syndrome.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Long-term effectiveness of a novel intra-oral electro-stimulator for the treatment of dry mouth in patients with Sjogren's syndrome: A randomised sham-controlled feasibility study (LEONIDAS-1).Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2023Trial
- Phloretin Modulates STING Ubiquitination Degradation to Restrain Dendritic Cell Overactivation and Alleviate Sjögren's Syndrome.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From Molecular Pathophysiology to Clinical Trial Design in Sjögren's Disease: A Three-Axis Framework.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Low-to-moderate dose glucocorticoids in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients on hydroxychloroquine/iguratimod therapy: a target trial emulation study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- The SjD Map: an interactive pathway tour into Sjögren's disease signalling mechanisms.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2026Article
- Pediatric Sjögren Disease: Clinical Features, Diagnostic Challenges, and Outcomes in a Single-Centre Romanian Case Series.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Acupuncture treatment for Sjögren's syndrome: a narrative review on mechanism of treatment and clinical application.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunophenotypic Stratification of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Reveals Distinct Lymphocyte Profiles and Clinical Manifestations.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Hospitalisations With Cryoglobulin-Related Diseases in Spain Over 25 Years.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Overlap Syndrome of Primary Sjögren Syndrome with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis Based on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) Criteria.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Biological functions and affected signaling pathways by Long Non-Coding RNAs in the immune system.Non-coding RNA research · 2025Review
- Salivary gland transcriptomic analysis and immunophenotyping in the IL-14α transgenic mouse model of Sjögren's disease.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Article
- Emerging patterns in nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches for rheumatoid arthritis: A comprehensive bibliometric and visual analysis spanning two decades.Open life sciences · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Imaging, and Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by sicca and systemic manifestations. In this Review, we summarize the available data on topical and systemic medications, according to clinical signs and disease activity, and we describe the ongoing studies using biologic drugs in the treatment of pSS. Expanding knowledge about the epidemiology, classification criteria, systemic activity scoring (ESSDAI) and patient-reported outcomes (ESSPRI) is driving active research. Treatment decisions are based on the evaluation of symptoms and extraglandular manifestations. Symptomatic treatment is usually appropriate, whereas systemic treatment is reserved for systemic manifestations. Sicca is managed by education, environment modification, elimination of contingent offending drugs, artificial tears, secretagogues and treatments for complications. Mild systemic signs such as fatigue are treated by exercise. Pain can require short-term moderate-dose glucocorticoid therapy and, in some cases, disease-modifying drugs. Severe and acute systemic manifestations indicate treatment with glucocorticoids and/or immunosuppressant drugs. The role for biologic agents is promising, but no double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) proving the efficacy of these drugs are available. Targets for new treatments directed against the immunopathological mechanisms of pSS include epithelial cells, T cells, B-cell overactivity, the interferon signature, proinflammatory cytokines, ectopic germinal centre formation, chemokines involved in lymphoid cell homing, and epigenetic modifications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.