Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27411444›Full record

SynthesisArthritis research & therapy2016

Review of biomarkers in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: helpful tools or just playing tricks?

Faekah Gohar, Christoph Kessel, Miha Lavric, Dirk Holzinger, Dirk Foell

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Arthritis research & therapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Article
  3. CD14Genes & diseases · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. The emerging role of clinimetrics in pediatric rheumatology.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2023
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Faekah GoharDepartment of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Münster, Domagkstraße 3, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
Christoph KesselDepartment of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Münster, Domagkstraße 3, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
Miha LavricDepartment of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Münster, Domagkstraße 3, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
Dirk HolzingerDepartment of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Münster, Domagkstraße 3, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
Dirk FoellDepartment of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Münster, Domagkstraße 3, D-48149, Münster, Germany. dfoell@uni-muenster.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiagnosing systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) can be extremely challenging if typical arthritis is lacking. A variety of biomarkers have been described for the diagnosis and management of SJIA. However, very few markers have been well-validated. In addition, increasing numbers of biomarkers are identified by high throughput or multi-marker panels.

methodWe identified diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers by systematic literature review, evaluating each according to a predefined level of verification, validation or clinical utility. Diagnostic biomarkers were those identifying SJIA versus (1) non-SJIA conditions or healthy controls (HC) or (2) other non-systemic JIA subtypes. Prognostic biomarkers were those specifically tested for the prediction of (1) disease flare, (2) increased disease activity +/- discrimination of active versus inactive disease, or (3) macrophage activation syndrome (MAS).

resultsFifty-five studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria identifying 68 unique biomarkers, of which 50/68 (74 %) were investigated by only a single research group. Candidate marker verification and clinical utility was evaluated according to whether markers were readily and reliably measurable, investigated by independent study groups, discovered by more than one method (i.e. verified markers) and validated in independent cohorts. This evaluation revealed diagnostic biomarkers of high interest for further evaluation in the diagnostic approach to SJIA that included heme oxygenase-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, IL-18, osteoprotegerin, S100 calcium-binding protein A12 (S100A12) and S100A8/A9.

conclusionIn summary, a number of biomarkers were identified, though most had limited evidence for their use. However, our findings combined with the identified studies could inform validation studies, whether in single or multi-marker assays, which are urgently needed.

Indexed as

Arthritis, JuvenileBiomarkersHumansBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID27411444
PMCPMC4944486

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.