ReviewToxins2016
Toxin-Antitoxin Modules Are Pliable Switches Activated by Multiple Protease Pathways.
Review in Toxins, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacterial programmed cell death and toxin-antitoxin system in bacteria.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- VapC toxins promote the pathogenesis of Rickettsia heilongjiangensis by cleaving essential RNAs from both Rickettsia and its host.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The VapBC-4 Characterization Indicates It Is a Bona Fide Toxin-Antitoxin Module ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Phosphorylation of VapB antitoxins affects intermolecular interactions to regulate VapC toxin activity inJournal of bacteriology · 2024Article
- The Toxin of VapBC-1 Toxin-Antitoxin Module fromMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Phosphorylation of VapB antitoxins affects intermolecular interactions to regulate VapC toxin activity inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Comparative analysis of genes expression involved in type II toxin-antitoxin system in Staphylococcus aureus following persister cell formation.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- TheApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- The Bro-Xre toxin-antitoxin modules inFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed inFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Identification of Genes Encoded Toxin-Antitoxin System inInfectious disorders drug targets · 2024Article
- Toxin-antitoxin systems in bacterial pathogenesis.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Dynamics-Based Regulatory Switches of Type II Antitoxins: Insights into New Antimicrobial Discovery.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Current Perspectives on Viable but Non-Culturable Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria: A Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems: Novel insights on toxin activation across populations and experimental shortcomings.Current research in microbial sciences · 2023Review
- Integrative biology of persister cell formation: molecular circuitry, phenotypic diversification and fitness effects.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2022Review
- PrrT/A, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacterial Encoded Toxin-Antitoxin System Involved in Prophage Regulation and Biofilm Formation.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Adaptive antimicrobial resistance, a description of microbial variants, and their relevance to periprosthetic joint infection.The bone & joint journal · 2022Review
- Article
- Structural insights into the PrpTA toxin-antitoxin system inFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are bacterial regulatory switches that facilitate conflicting outcomes for cells by promoting a pro-survival phenotypic adaptation and/or by directly mediating cell death, all through the toxin activity upon degradation of antitoxin. Intensive study has revealed specific details of TA module functions, but significant gaps remain about the molecular details of activation via antitoxin degradation used by different bacteria and in different environments. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about the interaction of antitoxins with cellular proteases Lon and ClpP to mediate TA module activation. An understanding of these processes can answer long-standing questions regarding stochastic versus specific activation of TA modules and provide insight into the potential for manipulation of TA modules to alter bacterial growth.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.