ArticleRadiology2016
Hepatic Thermal Ablation: Effect of Device and Heating Parameters on Local Tissue Reactions and Distant Tumor Growth.
Article in Radiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Thermal modulation enhances antitumour immunity and improves immunotherapy responses in lung cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Impact of Microwave Ablation on Growth Kinetics of Residual versus Synchronous Untreated Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Article
- In Situ Vaccination by Tumor Ablation: Principles and Prospects for Systemic Antitumor Immunity.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Comparison of local effects and systemic T-cell responses in patients with breast cancer treated by radiofrequency ablation versus microwave ablation.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Systemic immune response induced by radiofrequency ablation versus microwave ablation at varying powers in murine models of hepatocellular carcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Liver Regeneration Following Thermal Ablation Using Nanocarrier Mediated Targeted Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2025Article
- The XIAP inhibitor AZD5582 improves the treatment effect of microwave ablation on hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Differential cytokine and chemokine expression after ablation vs. resection in colorectal cancer liver metastasis.Surgery open science · 2024Article
- Characterizing Metabolic Heterogeneity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with HyperpolarizedRadiology. Imaging cancer · 2024Article
- Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging assessment of residual tumor angiogenesis after insufficient microwave ablation and donafenib adjuvant therapy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Inducing the Abscopal Effect in Liver Cancer Treatment: The Impact of Microwave Ablation Power Levels and PD-1 Antibody Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Fibroblast growth factors induce hepatic tumorigenesis post radiofrequency ablation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Immunomodulation and targeted drug delivery with high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): Principles and mechanisms.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2023Review
- MR Imaging-Based In Vivo Macrophage Imaging to Monitor Immune Response after Radiofrequency Ablation of the Liver.Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2023Article
- Review
- Review
- Knowledge mapping of image-guided tumor ablation and immunity: A bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Synergizing liver systemic treatments with interventional oncology: friend or foe?The British journal of radiology · 2022Review
- Combination therapy using microwave ablation and d-mannose-chelated iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose To determine whether variable hepatic microwave ablation (MWA) can induce local inflammation and distant pro-oncogenic effects compared with hepatic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in an animal model. Materials and Methods In this institutional Animal Care and Use Committee-approved study, F344 rats (150 gm, n = 96) with subcutaneous R3230 breast adenocarcinoma tumors had normal non-tumor-bearing liver treated with RFA (70°C × 5 minutes), rapid higher-power MWA (20 W × 15 seconds), slower lower-power MWA (5 W × 2 minutes), or a sham procedure (needle placement without energy) and were sacrificed at 6 hours to 7 days (four time points; six animals per arm per time point). Ablation settings produced 11.4 mm ± 0.8 of coagulation for all groups. Distant tumor growth rates were determined to 7 days after treatment. Liver heat shock protein (HSP) 70 levels (at 72 hours) and macrophages (CD68 at 7 days), tumor proliferative indexes (Ki-67 and CD34 at 7 days), and serum and tissue levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) at 6 hours, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) at 72 hours, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at 72 hours after ablation were assessed. All data were expressed as means ± standard deviations and were compared by using two-tailed t tests and analysis of variance for selected group comparisons. Linear regression analysis of tumor growth curves was used to determine pre- and posttreatment growth curves on a per-tumor basis. Results At 7 days, hepatic ablations with 5-W MWA and RFA increased distant tumor size compared with 20-W MWA and the sham procedure (5-W MWA: 16.3 mm ± 1.1 and RFA: 16.3 mm ± 0.9 vs sham: 13.6 mm ± 1.3, P < .01, and 20-W MWA: 14.6 mm ± 0.9, P < .05). RFA and 5-W MWA increased postablation tumor growth rates compared with the 20-W MWA and sham arms (preablation growth rates range for all arms: 0.60-0.64 mm/d; postablation: RFA: 0.91 mm/d ± 0.11, 5-W MWA: 0.91 mm/d ± 0.14, P < .01 vs pretreatment; 20-W MWA: 0.69 mm/d ± 0.07, sham: 0.56 mm/d ± 1.15; P = .48 and .65, respectively). Tumor proliferation (Ki-67 percentage) was increased for 5-W MWA (82% ± 5) and RFA (79% ± 5), followed by 20-W MWA (65% ± 2), compared with sham (49% ± 5, P < .01). Likewise, distant tumor microvascular density was greater for 5-W MWA and RFA (P < .01 vs 20-W MWA and sham). Lower-energy MWA and RFA also resulted in increased HSP 70 expression and macrophages in the periablational rim (P < .05). Last, IL-6, HGF, and VEGF elevations were seen in 5-W MWA and RFA compared with 20-W MWA and sham (P < .05). Conclusion Although hepatic MWA can incite periablational inflammation and increased distant tumor growth similar to RFA in an animal tumor model, higher-power, faster heating protocols may potentially mitigate such undesired effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.