Trial reportHead & neck2016
Cutaneous head and neck melanoma in OPTiM, a randomized phase 3 trial of talimogene laherparepvec versus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for the treatment of unresected stage IIIB/IIIC/IV melanoma.
Trial report in Head & neck, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety assessment of oncolytic virotherapies in the treatment of advanced melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Virology journal · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical Application of Oncolytic Viruses: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy, Safety and Predictive Biomarkers of Oncolytic Virus Therapy in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Oncolytic viruses as anticancer agents: clinical progress and remaining challenges.Lancet (London, England) · 2025Review
- Investigating the potential of oncolytic viruses in the treatment of melanoma: where do we go from here?Skin health and disease · 2025Review
- Genetic Factors Associated with Clinical Response in Melanoma Patients Treated with Talimogene Laherparapvec: A Single-Institution Retrospective Analysis.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Virus nanotechnology for intratumoural immunotherapy.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2024Article
- Tumor associated macrophages as key contributors and targets in current and future therapies for melanoma.Expert review of clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Local intralesional talimogene laherparepvec therapy with complete local response in oral palatine mucosal melanoma: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
- Therapy with oncolytic viruses: progress and challenges.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Immunotherapy and Biomarkers in Sarcoma.Current treatment options in oncology · 2022Review
- Neoadjuvant therapy for melanoma: rationale for neoadjuvant therapy and pivotal clinical trials.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2022Review
- Talimogene Laherparepvec: Moving From First-In-Class to Best-In-Class.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Herpes simplex virus 1 as an oncolytic viral therapy for refractory cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- A systematic analysis on the clinical safety and efficacy of onco-virotherapy.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2021Article
- Toward comprehensive imaging of oncolytic viroimmunotherapy.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2021Review
- The efficacy and safety of oncolytic viruses in the treatment of intermediate to advanced solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational cancer research · 2021Article
- Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCutaneous head and neck melanoma has poor outcomes and limited treatment options. In OPTiM, a phase 3 study in patients with unresectable stage IIIB/IIIC/IV melanoma, intralesional administration of the oncolytic virus talimogene laherparepvec improved durable response rate (DRR; continuous response ≥6 months) compared with subcutaneous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
methodsRetrospective review of OPTiM identified patients with cutaneous head and neck melanoma given talimogene laherparepvec (n = 61) or GM-CSF (n = 26). Outcomes were compared between talimogene laherparepvec and GM-CSF treated patients with cutaneous head and neck melanoma.
resultsDRR was higher for talimogene laherparepvec-treated patients than for GM-CSF treated patients (36.1% vs 3.8%; p = .001). A total of 29.5% of patients had a complete response with talimogene laherparepvec versus 0% with GM-CSF. Among talimogene laherparepvec-treated patients with a response, the probability of still being in response after 12 months was 73%. Median overall survival (OS) was 25.2 months for GM-CSF and had not been reached with talimogene laherparepvec.
conclusionTreatment with talimogene laherparepvec was associated with improved response and survival compared with GM-CSF in patients with cutaneous head and neck melanoma. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1752-1758, 2016.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.