Trial reportBMC public health2016
Effects of an exclusive breastfeeding intervention for six months on growth patterns of 4-5 year old children in Uganda: the cluster-randomised PROMISE EBF trial.
Trial report in BMC public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00397150 (PROMISE EBF), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PROMISE EBF: Promoting Infant Health and Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion in the Era of HIV
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion Interventions on Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Annals of nutrition & metabolism · 2024Pooled it
- Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- The effectiveness of interventions on nutrition social behaviour change communication in improving child nutritional status within the first 1000 days: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Nutrition Education Programs Aimed at African Mothers of Infant Children: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Interventions to improve linear growth during exclusive breastfeeding life-stage for children aged 0-6 months living in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review with network and pairwise meta-analyses.Gates open research · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- Randomized controlled trial of early, small-volume formula supplementation among newborns: A study protocol.PloS one · 2022Article
- Do Early Infant Feeding Practices and Modifiable Household Behaviors Contribute to Age-Specific Interindividual Variations in Infant Linear Growth? Evidence from a Birth Cohort in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Current developments in nutrition · 2021Article
- Trajectory of vitamin D, micronutrient status and childhood growth in exclusively breastfed children.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Impact of a peer-counseling intervention on breastfeeding practices in different socioeconomic strata: results from the equity analysis of the PROMISE-EBF trial in Uganda.Global health actionArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreastfeeding promotion is regarded as one of the most effective interventions to improve child health, and could reduce under-5-mortality by 8 % globally. Few studies have assessed the health outcomes beyond infancy of interventions promoting exclusive breastfeeding.
methodsThis study assessed growth in under-five children who participated in a cluster-randomised trial in Eastern Uganda (ClinicalTrials.gov.no.NCT00397150). In the intervention arm, peer counsellors promoted exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of infancy. There were no interventions after 6 months of age. Mother-infant pairs were interviewed at visits scheduled at 3, 6, 12 and 24 weeks after birth and follow-up visits at 2 and 5 years, with 765 included in the analyses.
resultsThe mean length/height-for-age and weight-for-age-z-score (HAZ, WAZ) decreased with increasing age in both the intervention and control arms. At the three weeks visit, HAZ in the intervention was -0.45 (-0.68;-0.21) and -0.32 (-0.56;-0.07) in the control arm. At the 2 year follow-up, the mean HAZ in the intervention was -1.85 (95 % CI -1.97;-1.73) compared to -1.61 (-1.87;-1.34) in the control. Similarly, at the 5 year follow-up, the mean HAZ in the intervention was -1.78 (-2.08;-1.47) compared to -1.53 (-1.79;-1.28) in the control arm. At the 2 year follow-up visit, 139 (45 %) were stunted (HAZ<-2) in the intervention compared to 109 (37 %) in the control arm, odds ratio (OR) 1.7 (1.1;2.4). Underweight (WAZ<-2) was also more common in the intervention arm than in the control at the five years follow-up (OR 1.7 (1.0;2.8)), with a mean WAZ of -1.28 (-1.47;-1.08) and -1.06 (-1.19;-0.92) in the intervention and control arm, respectively.
conclusionWhile stunting was widespread at 2 and 5 years of age in both arms, it was more common in the intervention arm. It is questionable whether community-based support from lay people with short training and focussing only on exclusive breastfeeding, is an appropriate strategy to improve child health and development.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov.no. NCT00397150 . Registered 7th of November 2006.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.