ArticleHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2016
Impact of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Graft Outcome Disparities in Black Kidney Transplant Recipients.
Article in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multifaceted Intervention to Improve Graft Outcome Disparities in African American Kidney Transplants (MITIGAAT Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- Racial Differences in Medication Utilization for Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Post Hoc Analysis of the FAVORIT Trial Cohort.Kidney medicine · 2022Article
- Racial Difference in the Association of Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter (PMInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Glycemic management and clinical outcomes in underserved minority kidney transplant recipients with type 2 and posttransplantation diabetes: A single-center retrospective study.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2020Article
- Development and future deployment of a 5 years allograft survival model for kidney transplantation.Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2019Article
- The impact of time-varying clinical surrogates on disparities in African-American kidney transplant recipients - a retrospective longitudinal cohort study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2019Article
- Better graft outcomes from offspring donor kidneys among living donor kidney transplant recipients in the United States.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2019Article
- Pharmacist-Led, Technology-Assisted Study to Improve Medication Safety, Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control, and Racial Disparities in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy : JACCP · 2018Article
- Posttransplant Medical Adherence: What Have We Learned and Can We Do Better?Current transplantation reports · 2018Article
- Mortality Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups in the Veterans Health Administration: An Evidence Review and Map.American journal of public health · 2018Review
- Improving Medication Safety and Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control to Mitigate Disparities in African-American Kidney Transplant Recipients: Design and Methods.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2018Article
- Transplant Center Variability in Disparities for African-American Kidney Transplant Recipients.Annals of transplantation · 2018Article
- Tacrolimus Trough Concentration Variability and Disparities in African American Kidney Transplantation.Transplantation · 2017Article
- Concepts of Genomics in Kidney Transplantation.Current transplantation reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although outcome inequalities for non-Hispanic black (NHB) kidney transplant recipients are well documented, there is paucity in data assessing the impact of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors on this disparity in kidney transplantation. This was a longitudinal study of a national cohort of veteran kidney recipients transplanted between January 2001 and December 2007. Data included baseline characteristics acquired through the United States Renal Data System linked to detailed clinical follow-up information acquired through the Veterans Affairs electronic health records. Analyses were conducted using sequential multivariable modeling (Cox regression), incorporating blocks of variables into iterative nested models; 3139 patients were included (2095 non-Hispanic whites [66.7%] and 1044 NHBs [33.3%]). NHBs had a higher prevalence of hypertension (100% versus 99%; P<0.01) and post-transplant diabetes mellitus (59% versus 53%; P<0.01) with reduced control of hypertension (blood pressure <140/90 60% versus 69%; P<0.01), diabetes mellitus (A1c <7%, 35% versus 47%; P<0.01), and low-density lipoprotein (<100 mg/dL, 55% versus 61%; P<0.01). Adherence to medications used to manage CVD risk was significantly lower in NHBs. In the fully adjusted models, the independent risk of graft loss in NHBs was substantially reduced (unadjusted hazard ratio, 2.00 versus adjusted hazard ratio, 1.49). CVD risk factors and control reduced the influence of NHB race by 9% to 18%. Similar trends were noted for mortality, and estimates were robust across in sensitivity analyses. These results demonstrate that NHB kidney transplant recipients have significantly higher rates of CVD risk factors and reduced CVD risk control. These issues are likely partly related to medication nonadherence and meaningfully contribute to racial disparities for graft outcomes.
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