Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27402505›Full record

ArticleArchives of gynecology and obstetrics2016

Cardiovascular disease incidence among females in South Carolina by type of oral contraceptives, 2000-2013: a retrospective cohort study.

Marsha E Samson, Swann A Adams, Anwar T Merchant, Whitney D Maxwell, Jiajia Zhang, Charles L Bennett, James R Hebert

Open access · greenAbstract readHistorical Article
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke: Risk Related to Family History, Maternal Diseases, and Genetic Thrombophilia.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis · 2018
    Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Sex-Specific Physiology and Cardiovascular Disease.Advances in experimental medicine and biology
    Review
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Marsha E SamsonCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, USA. msamson@email.sc.edu.
Swann A AdamsCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, USA.
Anwar T MerchantDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Whitney D MaxwellSouth Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Jiajia ZhangCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, USA.
Charles L BennettSouth Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
James R HebertCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, USA.
University of South Carolina · US

Funding

Biomedical-Behavioral Interface: Prevention and Developmental Sciences TrainingT32GM081740 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI PRINZ, RONALD J · 2008 to 2022
$4.5M
NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM081740
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCertain types of oral contraceptives can produce favorable effects on lipid metabolism and vascular tone, while others have potentially detrimental effects. Endogenous and exogenous hormones exert different effects on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) depending on the type, combination, and dose of the hormone. The estrogenic and progestogenic effects of exogenous hormones on HDL and LDL are inconsistent. Studying surrogate end points (LDL, HDL levels) may provide a misleading picture of OCs.

methodsMedicaid data from 2000 to 2013 were used to assess the relationship between the type of OCs and CVD incidence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model relationships between cardiovascular disease and OC use adjusting for potential confounders.

resultsCompared to combined oral contraceptives (COC), progestin-only oral contraceptives (POC) were associated with decreased heart disease and stroke incidence after adjusting for important covariates (OR 0.74; 95 % CI 0.57, 0.97 and OR 0.39; 95 % CI 0.16, 0.95, respectively). However, there was a positive association between POC + COC and both heart disease and stroke incidence (OR 2.28; 95 % CI 1.92, 2.70 and OR 2.12; 95 % CI 1.34, 3.35, respectively).

conclusionIn light of an association between POC use and decreased heart disease and stroke, women's CVD risk factors should be carefully considered when choosing which OC to use. Baseline CVD risk should be a part of the discussion between women and their primary care providers when making choices regarding OCs.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultCardiovascular DiseasesCohort StudiesContraceptives, OralFemaleHistory, 21st CenturyHumansIncidenceMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSouth CarolinaWomen's HealthYoung AdultContraceptives, OralChronic diseaseHeart diseaseOral contraceptivesTrendsWomen’s health

Identifiers

PMID27402505
PMCPMC5070797
OpenAlexW2462257829

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.